四分律行事鈔資持記 1.991

1.991

次人法中，初科《僧祇》文為四，初明所誦法。而言律者，舉教目行，即戒本也。誦二部者，準〈安居〉中，即第四律師。問：僧說尼戒何益？答：本受體中總發得故；又為尼所依，須教授故。若下，明能誦人。上座說者，德居物尊，發言誠重；在座誡勅，聽者依承；次遷無人，方聽能者。今時多差新戒，深乖教意。高臘恃尊，懷慚不誦。豈知替補佛處，傳弘任重乎？為下，簡聽眾。彼部通禁五名，《四分》得語下聚；以下眾有犯，通結吉故。此謂二師指教，非謂得聞戒也。問：戒本偈序列三篇名，下眾得聞者？答：略舉總名，不說條目故。若說下，制恭謹，上二句誡聽眾。不覆頭者，應開有病。不覆肩者，西土敬儀，此方不爾。應下，示行籌。下指唱法，即如上列。

Next, in the person and the legal procedure, the first section from the Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya consists of four parts, the first explaining the text to be recited. Mentioning the Vinaya uses the teaching to designate the practice, which refers to the prātimokṣa. "Reciting the two divisions," according to the "Rainy Season Retreat" chapter, refers to the fourth Vinaya master. Question: What benefit is there for monks to recite the nuns' precepts? Answer: In the original reception-essence they are generated comprehensively; furthermore, because they are relied upon by nuns, they must provide instruction. From "If..." onward, it explains the person capable of reciting. The elder reciting means: his virtue places him as the most venerable among beings, and his utterances are sincere and weighty; seated on the platform he issues admonitions, and the listeners comply; only when there is no such person in succession is a capable person permitted. Nowadays junior preceptees are mostly appointed, deeply contrary to the teaching's intention. Those of high monastic seniority rely on their venerability and harbor shame, refusing to recite. How can they fail to realize that this replaces the Buddha's seat and that transmitting and propagating it is a grave responsibility? From "For..." onward, it screens the listening assembly. That school comprehensively forbids the five designations, whereas the Dharmaguptaka permits speaking to the lower assembly; because when the lower assembly commits an offense, it is universally designated a duṣkṛta. This refers to the instruction of the two masters, not that they may hear the precepts. Question: The introductory verse of the prātimokṣa lists the names of the three divisions; may the lower assembly hear them? Answer: It briefly mentions the general names and does not state the specific articles. From "If reciting..." onward, it enjoins respect and reverent demeanor, with the upper two lines admonishing the listening assembly. "Not covering the head" should allow an exception for those who are sick. "Not covering the shoulder" is a respectful etiquette of the Western regions, but not so in this land. From "Should..." onward, it demonstrates distributing tallies. Below it refers to the procedure for chanting, which is just as listed above.