四分律行事鈔資持記 2.1015

2.1015

釋第四中，初明虫水。若下，次明諸漿。律云除水已，若有虫酪漿等；則知餘物皆制，不獨虫水也。酪分清濁，餘二可解。《戒本》但明用澆泥草，今就廣文互投皆墮。一切下，總結罪相。下引《五分》用水澆物，本律以物擲水，並計虫魚多少為量，故云一一墮也。問：此戒為約用水，為約虫死？答：《戒疏》云：此不就損命中制，是深防制；若彼命斷，自依畜戒；是知虫雖不死，計數成犯。問：虫不可知，罪寧有數？答：此據漫心，不論知數；隨用隨擲，冥獲多罪。宿云轉轉，食云咽咽，衣云著著，例皆爾也。若爾，懺悔如何陳相？答：罪必可知，隨數牒入；不可知者，但云不憶，如後自顯。

In explaining the fourth part: first, it explains insect-filled water. From "If [there are]..." downward, it next explains the various beverages. The Vinaya states: "Except for water, if there is insect-filled fermented curd drink, etc."; from this one knows that all other substances are also prohibited, not insect-filled water alone. Fermented curd is differentiated by clarity and turbidity; the remaining two can be understood. The Prātimokṣa Sūtra only explains using it to pour onto mud and grass, but now following the expanded text, casting them mutually [into either] both results in a pāyattika. From "All..." downward, it summarizes the marks of the offenses. Below it cites the Pañcavargika-vinaya where water is poured upon things, and the root Vinaya where things are thrown into water; both calculate the amount based on the number of insects and fish, hence it says "each one is a pāyattika". Question: Is this precept framed according to using the water, or framed according to the death of the insects? Answer: The Commentary on the Precepts says: "This is not prohibited in terms of taking life, but is an advanced preventive prohibition; if their life is severed, it naturally falls under the precept regarding animals." Hence we know that although the insects do not die, counting their number constitutes the offense. Question: Since the insects cannot be known [by count], how can the offenses have a number? Answer: This is based on an undiscerning mind, regardless of knowing the count; following each use and each throw, one invisibly incurs multiple offenses. Staying overnight is said to be "successively increasing", eating is said to be "with each swallow", and robes are said to be "with each wearing"; by analogy, all are like this. If so, how are the marks stated when performing deśanā? Answer: For offenses that are definitely known, one submits them following the number; for those that cannot be known, one merely says "I do not recall", as will naturally become clear later.