四分律行事鈔資持記 2.1306

2.1306

The fourth: citing the Vinaya to clarify the offenses. First, dividing the time limits by day and night, it successively clarifies knowing and speaking. Thus one knows that disclosing the offense is prescribed within half a day. Question: If one knows at the time of the small meal (breakfast) and does not speak after the meal, is there an offense or not? Answer: Seeking by principle, not speaking in the first watch or middle watch of the night are all duṣkṛtas, and are all preparatory stages; if discussing committing a pāyattika, it must be determined by the dawn sign; the conclusion of pāyattika in the text follows the previous sequence, and temporarily relies on the middle and latter watches of the night. From "except..." onward, it next clarifies the gravity of what is concealed. "Remaining offenses" refers to the lower three categories. From "oneself..." onward, the third distinguishes the difference between oneself and others. The Commentary states: concealing others' [offenses] is called grave, yet its treatment is light (one only repents the root offense); concealing one's own is called light, yet its treatment is grave (one conceals a saṃghāvaśeṣa and practices mānāpya, while for the remaining categories one repents first). It also says: concealing others' has a basis, so it is strictly prohibited to make them disclose, because of the purity of the precepts (explaining "having a basis" above); in concealing one's own, the root is ruined, so there is no need for strict prohibition, and so forth. From "except nuns..." onward, the fourth distinguishes the other assemblies. Concealing [offenses of] nuns is identical to monks; here light offenses are discussed, hence they are excluded. "Other persons" refers to the [remaining] three assemblies.