僧羯磨 3.136

3.136

爾時世尊在婆闍國地城中，告諸比丘：「我說四種廣說，汝等善聽，當為汝說。」諸比丘言：「大德！願樂聞之。」「何等四？若比丘如是語：『諸長老！我於某村某城，親從佛聞受持，此是法、是毘尼、是佛教。』若聞彼比丘說，不應便生嫌疑，亦不應呵，應審定文句已，應尋究修多羅、毘尼、檢校法律。若聽彼比丘說，尋究修多羅、毘尼、檢校法律時，若不與修多羅、毘尼、法律相應，違背於法，應語彼比丘：『汝所說者，非佛所說，或是長老不審得佛語。何以故？我尋究修多羅、毘尼、法律，不與修多羅、毘尼、法律相應，違背於法。長老！不須誦習，亦莫教餘比丘，今應捨棄。』若聞彼比丘說，尋究修多羅、毘尼、法律時，若與修多羅、毘尼、法律相應，應語彼比丘言：『長老所說是佛所說，審得佛語。何以故？我尋究修多羅、毘尼、法律，與共相應，而不違背。長老！應善持誦習，教餘比丘，勿令忘失。』此是初廣說。復次，若比丘如是語：『長老！我於某村某城，和合僧中上座前聞，此是法、是毘尼、是佛所教。』聞彼比丘說時，不應嫌疑，亦不應呵，應審定文句，尋究修多羅、毘尼、檢校法律。若聞彼比丘說、尋究修多羅、毘尼、法律時，不與相應，違背於法，應語彼比丘言：『長老！此非佛所說，是彼眾僧及上座不審得佛語，長老亦爾。何以故？我尋究修多羅、毘尼、法律，不與相應，違背於法，長老不須誦習，亦莫教餘比丘，今當棄之。』若聞彼比丘語，尋究修多羅、毘尼、法律，與相應，不違背於法，應語彼比丘言：『長老！是佛所說，彼眾僧上座及長老亦審得佛語。何以故？我尋究修多羅、毘尼、法律，而與相應，無有違背。長老！應善持誦習，亦教餘人，勿令忘失。』此是第二廣說。（次第三句，從知法、毘尼、摩夷眾多比丘所聞，亦如是。第四句，從知法、毘尼、摩夷一比丘所聞，亦如是。）是為四廣說。」佛說如是，諸比丘聞，歡喜信樂受持。

At that time, the World-Honoured One was in the city of the Bhaggas (Bharga), and he told the bhikṣus: "I shall expound four great authorities (mahāprapadeśa). Listen closely, and I will explain them for you." The bhikṣus said: "Bhadanta! We wish and delight to hear them." "What are the four? If a bhikṣu speaks thus: 'Venerable ones! In such-and-such a village or city, I personally heard and received this from the Buddha; this is the Dharma, this is the vinaya, this is the Buddha's teaching.' If one hears what that bhikṣu says, one should not immediately give rise to suspicion, nor should one scold him. One should ascertain the text and phrasing, and then investigate the sūtra and vinaya, examining them against the Dharma and vinaya. If, while listening to what that bhikṣu says and investigating the sūtra and vinaya, examining them against the Dharma and vinaya, it does not correspond with the sūtra, vinaya, and the Dharma and vinaya, but goes against the Dharma, one should tell that bhikṣu: 'What you say was not spoken by the Buddha; perhaps the venerable one did not accurately grasp the Buddha's words. Why is that? When I investigate the sūtra, vinaya, and the Dharma and vinaya, it does not correspond with the sūtra, vinaya, and the Dharma and vinaya, but goes against the Dharma. Venerable one! You need not recite or practice it, nor should you teach other bhikṣus; it should now be discarded.' If, hearing what that bhikṣu says, one investigates the sūtra, vinaya, and the Dharma and vinaya, and it does correspond with the sūtra, vinaya, and the Dharma and vinaya, one should tell that bhikṣu: 'What the venerable one says was spoken by the Buddha, accurately grasping the Buddha's words. Why is that? When I investigate the sūtra, vinaya, and the Dharma and vinaya, it corresponds with them and does not go against them. Venerable one! You should properly uphold, recite, and practice it, and teach other bhikṣus, so that it is not lost and forgotten.' This is the first great authority. Furthermore, if a bhikṣu speaks thus: 'Venerable ones! In such-and-such a village or city, before the elders in a harmonious saṃgha, I heard: "This is the Dharma, this is the vinaya, this is the Buddha's teaching."' When hearing what that bhikṣu says, one should not suspect him, nor should one scold him. One should ascertain the text and phrasing, and investigate the sūtra and vinaya, examining them against the Dharma and vinaya. If, hearing what that bhikṣu says, when one investigates the sūtra, vinaya, and the Dharma and vinaya, it does not correspond with them and goes against the Dharma, one should tell that bhikṣu: 'Venerable one! This was not spoken by the Buddha; that saṃgha and the elders did not accurately grasp the Buddha's words, and the venerable one is likewise mistaken. Why is that? When I investigate the sūtra, vinaya, and the Dharma and vinaya, it does not correspond with them and goes against the Dharma. The venerable one need not recite or practice it, nor should you teach other bhikṣus; it should now be discarded.' If, hearing what that bhikṣu says, one investigates the sūtra, vinaya, and the Dharma and vinaya, and it corresponds with them and does not go against the Dharma, one should tell that bhikṣu: 'Venerable one! This was spoken by the Buddha; that saṃgha, the elders, and the venerable one have accurately grasped the Buddha's words. Why is that? When I investigate the sūtra, vinaya, and the Dharma and vinaya, it corresponds with them without going against them. Venerable one! You should properly uphold, recite, and practice it, and also teach other people, so that it is not lost and forgotten.' This is the second great authority. (The third phrase, heard from many bhikṣus who know the Dharma, vinaya, and mātṛkā, is also like this. The fourth phrase, heard from one bhikṣu who knows the Dharma, vinaya, and mātṛkā, is also like this.) These are the four great authorities." The Buddha spoke thus, and having heard it, the bhikṣus rejoiced, received it with faith and delight, and upheld it.