僧羯磨 1.10

1.10

"May the saṃgha, bhadantas, listen! Bhikṣu so-and-so and bhikṣu so-and-so, for dharmika saṃgha business, confer chanda and pariśuddhi." (If he cannot remember the names, he merely says "many". If the person who received the chanda is asleep, enters absorption, forgets, or does so unintentionally, it is deemed a valid conferral of chanda; if he intentionally does not speak, it is a duṣkṛta.) What is the saṃgha now to perform? (Now, the matter to be performed is of three kinds: first, matters concerning sentient beings, such as receiving confessions; second, matters concerning non-sentient things, such as binding various sīmās; third, matters concerning both sentient and non-sentient things, such as assigning duties or setting aside robes. As this matter to be performed is entrusted to the saṃgha to assess its appropriateness, one must ask before the assembly what is to be performed.) Such-and-such karman. (The karman, regarding its nature, is only of three kinds, namely: jñapti-karman, jñaptidvitīya-karman, and jñapticaturtha-karman. The Vinaya states: "There are seven kinds of karman that should not be performed: an adharmika and non-vinaya karman, an adharmika karman by a divided assembly, an adharmika karman by an assembly in samagratā, a dharmika karman by a divided assembly, a karman resembling dharma by a divided assembly, a karman resembling dharma by an assembly in samagratā, and a karman performed despite unceasing protest. One should perform a dharmika karman that accords with the vinaya. Where a jñaptidvitīya-karman should be performed, make the motion according to the rules of motion and perform the karman according to the rules of karman; the same applies to jñapticaturtha-karman; these are dharmika karmans that accord with the vinaya." These six preparatory steps pervade all other rites, except for binding a sīmā; if deficient, the rite is invalid.)