僧羯磨 1.6

1.6

Is the saṃgha assembled? (The Vinaya states: "Those who ought to come have come." It also states: "There are four kinds of saṃgha: four persons, five persons, ten persons, and twenty persons. As for a saṃgha of four persons, except for upasampadā, pravāraṇā, and mānatva-mārgīkaraṇa, all other karman procedures may be performed. As for a saṃgha of five persons, except for upasampadā in the Middle Country and mānatva-mārgīkaraṇa, all other karman procedures may be performed. As for a saṃgha of ten persons, except for mānatva-mārgīkaraṇa, all other karman procedures may be performed. As for a saṃgha of twenty persons, all karman procedures may be performed; all the more so if exceeding twenty. If among the four ranks of saṃgha there is even one person missing, the performance of the rite is invalid, adharmika, and not according with the vinaya.") Are they in samagratā? (The Vinaya states: "Performing the same karman, assembled in samagratā in one place; those who do not come entrust their authorization, and those present who should protest do not protest." It also states: "Five factors constitute samagratā: if it is dharmika, it should be in samagratā; if there is silent consent; if one confers chanda; if heard from a trustworthy person; if one previously sat silently in the midst—in these five matters there should be samagratā.") Have those who have not received the upasampadā departed? (The Vinaya states: "One should not perform karman or recite the precepts in the presence of those who have not received the upasampadā." It also states: "One is permitted to exclude those who have not received the upasampadā, and in the presence of the rest, perform karman and recite the precepts." It also states: "There are four types regarding completing the quorum: some persons complete the quorum and should not protest; some persons do not complete the quorum and should protest; some persons do not complete the quorum and also should not protest; some persons complete the quorum and also should protest. What sort of persons complete the quorum and should not protest? Those for whom tarjanīya-karman, pravājanīya-karman, niśraya-karman, or pratisaṃharaṇīya-karman is being performed. What sort of persons do not complete the quorum and should protest? Those who wish to receive upasampadā. What sort of persons do not complete the quorum and also cannot protest? When karman is performed for a bhikṣu, a bhikṣuṇī does not complete the quorum and also cannot protest; a śikṣamāṇā, śrāmaṇera, śrāmaṇerī; or if someone is one of the thirteen persons who confess to having committed an antimavatthu; or if one is accused, subjected to utkṣepaṇīya-karman, subject to utkṣepaṇīya-karman, undergoing parivāsa, standing upon the sīmā-maṇḍala, suspended in space by spiritual powers, invisible, separated beyond sight and hearing, or the person for whom the karman is being performed. What sort of persons complete the quorum and also may protest? Good bhikṣus residing within the same sīmā, not suspended in space by spiritual powers, not invisible, not separated beyond sight and hearing, up to and including those speaking to bystanders.")