僧羯磨 1.6

1.6

僧集？（律言：應來者來。又言：僧有四種，四人、五人、十人、二十人。四人僧者，除受大戒、自恣、出罪，餘一切羯磨應作。五人僧者，除中國受大戒、出罪，餘一切羯磨應作。十人僧者，除出罪，餘一切羯磨應作。二十人僧者，一切羯磨應作；況復過二十。若隨四位僧中，有少一人者，作法不成，非法、非毘尼。）和合？（律言：同一羯磨和合集一處，不來者囑授，在現前應呵者不呵。又言：五法應和合：若如法應和合、若默然任之、若與欲、若從可信人聞、若先在中默然而坐，如是五事應和合。）未受大戒者出？（律言：不應在未受大戒人前作羯磨說戒。又言：聽除人未受大戒，餘者在前作羯磨說戒。又言：有四滿數：有人得滿數不應呵、有人不得滿數應呵、有人不得滿數亦不應呵、有人得滿數亦應呵。何等人得滿數不應呵？若為作呵責羯磨、擯羯磨、依止羯磨、遮不至白衣家羯磨。何等人不得滿數應呵？若欲受大戒人。何等人不得滿數亦不得呵？若為比丘作羯磨，比丘尼不得滿數亦不得呵、式叉摩那、沙彌、沙彌尼、若言犯邊罪等十三人、若被舉、若滅擯、若應滅擯、若別住、若在戒場上、若神足在空、若隱沒、若離見聞處、若所為作羯磨人。何等人得滿數亦得呵？若善比丘同一界住，不以神足在空、不隱沒、不離見聞處、乃至語傍人。）

Is the saṃgha assembled? (The Vinaya states: "Those who ought to come have come." It also states: "There are four kinds of saṃgha: four persons, five persons, ten persons, and twenty persons. As for a saṃgha of four persons, except for upasampadā, pravāraṇā, and mānatva-mārgīkaraṇa, all other karman procedures may be performed. As for a saṃgha of five persons, except for upasampadā in the Middle Country and mānatva-mārgīkaraṇa, all other karman procedures may be performed. As for a saṃgha of ten persons, except for mānatva-mārgīkaraṇa, all other karman procedures may be performed. As for a saṃgha of twenty persons, all karman procedures may be performed; all the more so if exceeding twenty. If among the four ranks of saṃgha there is even one person missing, the performance of the rite is invalid, adharmika, and not according with the vinaya.") Are they in samagratā? (The Vinaya states: "Performing the same karman, assembled in samagratā in one place; those who do not come entrust their authorization, and those present who should protest do not protest." It also states: "Five factors constitute samagratā: if it is dharmika, it should be in samagratā; if there is silent consent; if one confers chanda; if heard from a trustworthy person; if one previously sat silently in the midst—in these five matters there should be samagratā.") Have those who have not received the upasampadā departed? (The Vinaya states: "One should not perform karman or recite the precepts in the presence of those who have not received the upasampadā." It also states: "One is permitted to exclude those who have not received the upasampadā, and in the presence of the rest, perform karman and recite the precepts." It also states: "There are four types regarding completing the quorum: some persons complete the quorum and should not protest; some persons do not complete the quorum and should protest; some persons do not complete the quorum and also should not protest; some persons complete the quorum and also should protest. What sort of persons complete the quorum and should not protest? Those for whom tarjanīya-karman, pravājanīya-karman, niśraya-karman, or pratisaṃharaṇīya-karman is being performed. What sort of persons do not complete the quorum and should protest? Those who wish to receive upasampadā. What sort of persons do not complete the quorum and also cannot protest? When karman is performed for a bhikṣu, a bhikṣuṇī does not complete the quorum and also cannot protest; a śikṣamāṇā, śrāmaṇera, śrāmaṇerī; or if someone is one of the thirteen persons who confess to having committed an antimavatthu; or if one is accused, subjected to utkṣepaṇīya-karman, subject to utkṣepaṇīya-karman, undergoing parivāsa, standing upon the sīmā-maṇḍala, suspended in space by spiritual powers, invisible, separated beyond sight and hearing, or the person for whom the karman is being performed. What sort of persons complete the quorum and also may protest? Good bhikṣus residing within the same sīmā, not suspended in space by spiritual powers, not invisible, not separated beyond sight and hearing, up to and including those speaking to bystanders.")