菩薩戒義疏 2.29

2.29

第十三、謗毀戒。陷沒前人，傷慈故制。大小乘俱制，七眾同犯。刪取天人已上、同有菩薩戒者，說其七逆十重，或陷沒，或治罰，莫問有根無根，但令向異法人說，悉犯重，前說四眾過戒已制。若向同法人說，莫問境高下、有戒無戒、陷沒人者，此戒同犯輕垢。序事有三：一、舉謗事，二、應，三、不應。言「父母兄弟」者，舉大士之心，心常想一切如父母六親，應生孝順慈悲心，而今反加謗害。聲聞向同戒、同見、同眾四重，無根者僧殘。餘如律部廣說。

Thirteenth, the precept against slander: it is established because it ruins others and harms compassion. Both the Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna prescribe against it; all seven assemblies commit the offense alike. Singling out devas, humans, and those above who equally possess the bodhisattva precepts, speaking of their seven heinous crimes or ten major offenses, whether to ruin them or punish them, regardless of whether there is foundation or no foundation: if one speaks of it to someone of a different Dharma, one fully commits a major offense, as already prohibited in the earlier precept against speaking of the faults of the four assemblies. If one speaks to someone of the same Dharma, regardless of whether the person is high or low, with precepts or without precepts, if one ruins a person, this precept equally incurs a minor defilement infraction. The narration of matters has three points: first, adducing the matter of slander; second, what is proper; third, what is not proper. The words "parents and siblings" describe the mind of a mahāsattva: the mind always regards everyone as parents and close relatives, toward whom one should arouse filial, compassionate thoughts, yet now one conversely slanders and harms them. For a śrāvaka, [groundlessly accusing someone of] the four major offenses before someone of the same precepts, same view, or same assembly, if groundless, is a saṃghāvaśeṣa. The rest is as explained in detail in the vinaya texts.