菩薩戒義疏 2.47

2.47

第三十、不敬好時戒。三齋、六齋，並是鬼神得力之日。此日宜修善，福過餘日。而今於好時虧慢更犯，隨所犯事，隨篇結罪。此時此日，不應不知，加一戒。一云七眾俱制，皆應敬時；二云但制在家年三長齋、月六齋。齋本為在家，出家盡壽持齋，不論時節。序事三階：一、總舉犯戒。凡有所犯，皆言行相違，乖反正真，皆謗三寶。「於六齋日」下，二、所敬之時，謂六齋、三長齋等。「作殺生」下，第三、更舉所犯結過。殺生、劫盜，略舉初二重。破齋者，謂非時食等。《優婆塞戒》云：六齋日、三齋月，受八戒持齋。在家菩薩應行此事。

Thirtieth: the precept against failing to respect auspicious times. The three seasonal fasts and the six monthly fasts are all days when ghosts and spirits gain strength. On these days it is fitting to cultivate good, and the merit exceeds other days. Yet now, displaying negligence and further committing offenses during these auspicious times, an offense is incurred according to the matter committed and according to the category [of rules]. At these times and on these days, one should not be unaware; an additional precept is added. One explanation says that it is prohibited for all seven assemblies, and all should respect the times; a second explanation says that it is only instituted for laypeople: three extended fasts a year and six fasts a month. Fasting was originally for the laity; monastics observe the fast lifelong, regardless of seasons and periods. The narrative of events has three stages: First, generally citing the violation of precepts. Whenever there is a violation, words and actions contradict each other, running contrary to the correct and deviating from the real; all slander the Three Jewels. From "On the six fast days..." onward is the second, the times to be respected, referring to the six fasts, the three extended fasts, and so forth. From "Committing killing..." onward is the third, further citing the violations and concluding the fault. Killing and stealing briefly cite the first two major [offenses]. Breaking the fast refers to eating at improper times, and so forth. The Upāsaka-śīla-sūtra states: on the six fast days and during the three fast months, take the eight precepts and uphold the fast. Lay bodhisattvas should practice this.