梵網經菩薩戒本疏 1.35

1.35

第八、輕重門者，有二：先總辨，後別論。總辨十戒輕重者，此十戒中幾是業道重？有五，謂初四及第十。幾是障道重？有三，謂毀、慳、瞋。幾是重亦小輕？有二，謂酤、說。又分三：一、前四中，殺人、盜五乃至大妄，同小乘，最重；二、後四全，次重；三，五、六全及初、四少分，謂約非人、非五、非道、小妄，此等應小輕。又前五招譏多，後五應少。又酤唯約遮，餘通遮性。有義：十戒俱通二罪。二、若別論者，一一之中各有輕重，至下文處辨。

Eighth, the section on minor and major [offenses] has two parts: first, distinguishing them generally; second, discussing them specifically. In distinguishing generally the minor and major of the ten precepts: among these ten precepts, how many are major courses of karma? There are five, namely the first four and the tenth. How many are major obstructions to the path? There are three, namely defaming, stinginess, and anger. How many are major yet slightly minor? There are two, namely selling [alcohol] and speaking [of faults]. Furthermore, dividing into three: 1. Among the first four, killing a human, stealing five [māṣas], up to great false speech, being the same as the Hīnayāna, are the most grave; 2. The latter four entirely are next in gravity; 3. The fifth and sixth entirely, and minor portions of the first and fourth—meaning regarding non-humans, non-five [māṣas], non-passages, and minor false speech—these should be slightly minor. Furthermore, the first five incur much public censure; the latter five should incur less. Furthermore, selling [alcohol] pertains solely to proscriptive [precepts] (pratiṣedha), while the rest apply to both proscriptive and natural [offenses] (prakṛti). There is an opinion: all ten precepts apply to both types of offenses. Second, discussing them specifically: within each and every one there are minor and major aspects, which will be distinguished when reaching the text below.