梵網經菩薩戒本疏 1.45

1.45

第四、具緣者，有二：一、通，二、別。通緣有三：一、是受菩薩戒人，以不受戒無犯故。經云：「有犯名菩薩，無犯名外道。」二、是住自性，謂非顛狂等，以彼無犯故。三、無開緣，謂即救生無間苦等。此三通諸戒。三、別緣者，依《地論》，五緣：一、是他身，簡自故；二、是眾生，簡机等故；三、有眾生想，簡迷心故；四、起害心，簡無殺意故；五、正加害，簡未害故。依《對法論》，亦五緣：一、事，謂有情數；二、意樂，謂起此想及必害意；三、方便，謂為害故，加刀杖等；四、煩惱，謂貪、嗔、癡；五、究竟，謂彼有情由方便故，或無間死，或後時死。合此二論，通具七緣：一、他身，二、眾生，三、起眾生想，四、殺心，五、加刀杖等，六、有三毒，七、斷正命。并上通緣，總有十種，可知。

Fourth, presence of conditions: There are two: 1. general, 2. specific. The general conditions are three: 1. being a person who has received the bodhisattva precepts, because without receiving the precepts there is no violation. The sūtra states: 'One who violates is called a bodhisattva; one who does not violate is called a tīrthika.' 2. abiding in one's natural state—that is, not being insane, etc., because such persons have no violation. 3. the absence of exceptional circumstances—that is, [killing] to save beings from uninterrupted suffering, and so forth. These three apply generally to all precepts. Specific conditions: According to the Daśabhūmika[-sūtra-śāstra], there are five conditions: 1. another's body, distinguishing it from oneself; 2. a sentient being, distinguishing it from inanimate objects, etc.; 3. having the perception of a sentient being, distinguishing a confused mind; 4. giving rise to a harmful mind, distinguishing the absence of an intention to kill; 5. actively inflicting harm, distinguishing not yet having harmed. According to the Abhidharmasamuccaya, there are also five conditions: 1. the basis, that is, belonging to the class of sentient beings; 2. the intention, that is, giving rise to this perception and a definite intention to harm; 3. the preparatory action, that is, applying knives, clubs, etc. to harm; 4. affliction, that is, greed, anger, and delusion; 5. the culmination, that is, that sentient being dies either immediately or later due to the preparatory action. Combining these two treatises, they generally possess seven conditions: 1. another's body, 2. a sentient being, 3. giving rise to the perception of a sentient being, 4. a killing mind, 5. applying knives, clubs, etc., 6. possessing the three poisons, and 7. severing the vital life. Together with the general conditions above, there are ten in total, as can be known.