梵網經菩薩戒本疏 2.5

2.5

二、釋名者，名有多種：一、名劫取，謂強力欺奪。二、名赫取，謂舉事令怖，求遂與物。三、名偷取，謂避主私竊。四、名不與取，謂物主不與而方便取故。然以四句定之：一、與取非盜可知；二、上與取是盜，如錯數剩與，知而默受；三、不與取是盜可知；四、不與取非盜，如親友想及暫用等。五、名盜取，謂非理損財，名之為盜。前四名局，此一名通，以燒埋等亦在中，是故廢前四名，唯標此一名。盜是所防，戒是能防，能防盜故，名為盜戒，從所為名。

Second, the explanation of the name: the names are of various kinds: 1. Termed 'taking by robbery,' which refers to forceful intimidation and seizure. 2. Termed 'taking by intimidation,' which refers to bringing up an issue to cause fright, seeking to attain the giving of property. 3. Termed 'taking by theft,' which refers to avoiding the owner and privately stealing. 4. Termed 'taking what is not given,' which refers to the owner not giving and one using expedient means to take it. However, it is determined with four propositions: 1. Taking what is given is not stealing, which is understandable. 2. Taking what is given above is stealing, as when miscounting gives an excess and one knowingly accepts it in silence. 3. Taking what is not given is stealing, which is understandable. 4. Taking what is not given is not stealing, as in the notion of close friends or temporary use and the like. 5. Termed 'taking by stealing,' which refers to unreasonably damaging wealth, which is termed stealing. The first four names are restricted, while this one name is broad, because burning, burying, and so forth are also included within it; therefore, the first four names are set aside and only this single name is titled. Stealing is that which is guarded against, and the precept is that which guards; because it can guard against stealing, it is called the precept against stealing, taking its name from what it acts upon.