梵網經菩薩戒本疏 3.42

3.42

第四、具緣成犯者，有七緣：一、是正境，如文四位。問：此中何故制說小乘僧尼過耶？答：俱是佛法相住持故，是自內眾故。問：何故不制說佛及法過？答：以彼無過故。若無失而說，則是謗故，屬第十戒修行之者。劣位有失，易嫌說，故制也。二、作彼想。三、作說過意。四、對外人。五、作外人想。六、言彰了。七、前人領解。故成犯也。

Fourth, regarding the fulfillment of conditions to constitute an offense: There are seven conditions: 1. It is the correct object, as in the four statuses of the text. Question: Why is speaking of the offenses of Hīnayāna monks and nuns prohibited here? Answer: Because they both uphold the marks of the Buddhadharma and belong to one's own internal assembly. Question: Why is speaking of the offenses of the Buddha and the Dharma not prohibited? Answer: Because they have no faults. If one speaks where there are no shortcomings, that is slander, which belongs to the practitioner of the tenth precept. Those of inferior station have shortcomings and are easily resented and spoken of, hence it is prohibited. 2. One conceives it to be that [object]. 3. One has the intention to speak of the offenses. 4. Facing an outsider. 5. One conceives [the listener] to be an outsider. 6. The words are made clear. 7. The person before one comprehends. Thus an offense is constituted.