梵網經菩薩戒本疏 4.19

4.19

第六、輕重者，略約五位辨：一、約境；二、約因事；三、約惑相；四、約成損；五、合辨。初中，瞋境略十種：一、賢聖；二、二師；三、父母；四、傳法人；五、眾僧；六、俗人；七、己弟子男女；八、奴婢；九、畜生；十、非情。望戒俱重，望業道皆前重後輕。二、約因事者，略因十事起瞋：一、違己見解；二、違己情欲；三、侵己名利；四、損己眷屬；五、無辜致罵；六、枉被打縛；七、刀解支節；八、將斷其命；九、害其父母；十、毀滅三寶。因此十事起瞋，皆前重後輕。三、約惑相，亦辨十種：一、念動起瞋，顏無異色；二、顏色反異；三、舉身戰動；四、兼或打罵；五、於上所起暫起即悔；六、經宿方悔；七、多時不捨；八、前人暫謝悔即解；九、前人多時求悔方解；十、多時求悔亦不解。皆前輕後重，可知。四、約損者，亦略顯十種：一、因瞋他，令他捨佛法；二、更發惡罵；三、打棒繫縛；四、損他財物；五、解他支節；六、斷他命根；七、害己親屬；八、永捨三寶；九、燒寺害僧；十、作諸逆罪。皆前輕後重。五、合辨者，亦顯十位，謂於前四內，於尊境因小事起，重瞋作大損，為最重。餘如次相合，及非次等，各有輕重，准思可知見。

Sixth, the light and heavy [degrees], briefly analyzed according to five headings: first, regarding the object; second, regarding the causal occasion; third, regarding the characteristics of affliction; fourth, regarding the harm caused; fifth, a combined analysis. Within the first, the objects of anger are briefly of ten kinds: 1. worthy and noble ones; 2. the two teachers; 3. parents; 4. transmitters of the Dharma; 5. the Saṃgha of monks; 6. laypeople; 7. one's own male and female disciples; 8. male and female servants; 9. animals; 10. non-sentient things. With respect to the precept, all are major; with respect to the path of action, all are heavier earlier and lighter later. Second, regarding the causal occasion, anger arises briefly on account of ten occasions: 1. going against one's own views; 2. going against one's own emotional desires; 3. encroaching on one's fame and gain; 4. harming one's dependents; 5. reviling [one] without guilt; 6. falsely beating and binding [one]; 7. dismembering one's limbs with a knife; 8. being about to cut off one's life; 9. harming one's parents; 10. destroying the Three Jewels. Anger arising on account of these ten occasions is in all cases heavier earlier and lighter later. Third, regarding the characteristics of affliction, ten kinds are also distinguished: 1. anger arising upon a stir of thought, with no change of facial color; 2. facial color changing in reaction; 3. the entire body trembling; 4. also striking or reviling; 5. upon what arose above, temporarily giving rise to it and immediately feeling remorse; 6. only feeling remorse after passing the night; 7. not relinquishing it for a long time; 8. dissolving it as soon as the other person temporarily apologizes; 9. only dissolving it after the other person seeks remorse for a long time; 10. not dissolving it even when sought for a long time. In all cases, they are lighter earlier and heavier later, as can be known. Fourth, regarding the harm, ten kinds are also briefly shown: 1. causing another to abandon the Buddha-Dharma on account of anger toward them; 2. further uttering evil revilement; 3. beating with sticks and binding; 4. damaging another's property; 5. dismembering another's limbs; 6. cutting off another's life-faculty; 7. harming one's own relatives; 8. abandoning the Three Jewels forever; 9. burning down monasteries and harming monastics; 10. committing the various heinous offenses. In all cases, they are lighter earlier and heavier later. Fifth, the combined analysis also displays ten levels, meaning that among the preceding four, arising on account of a minor matter toward an exalted object, with heavy anger causing great harm, is the heaviest. The rest are combined according to their sequence, as well as out of sequence, each having light and heavy degrees, which can be understood and seen by inferring accordingly.