梵網經菩薩戒本疏 4.30

4.30

第六、輕重者，有六：一、約所對；二、約所謗；三、約能謗；四、約所損；五、合辨；六、自他。初中，對一人、二人、多人、大眾，前輕後重。二、約所謗中，三寶有三，謂住持并別相及同體，或一、二、三，各如次前輕後重。三、約能謗，謂心有三品：下、中、上。言有麁、細及中，輕、重可知。四、約所損，有五：一、由此謗故，令多發菩提心人於不定者生退失；二、令已信者生退；三、未信者不信；四、未邪見者生邪見；五、已邪見者生堅執。皆前重後輕。五、合辨者，對大眾謗勝境上邪見，發麁言，成大損，為最重。餘如次及交絡，皆有輕、重，可准知。六、自他者，一、自；二、他；三、俱。皆前輕後重，可知。

Sixth, relative gravity: there are six [aspects]: 1. regarding the audience addressed; 2. regarding the object slandered; 3. regarding the agent slandering; 4. regarding the harm caused; 5. combined assessment; 6. oneself versus another. In the first, addressing one person, two persons, many persons, or a great assembly—the former are lighter and the latter graver. In the second, regarding the object slandered, the Three Jewels comprise three kinds: namely, the enduring, the distinct, and the identical essence, or one, two, or three—each, in sequence, is lighter before and graver after. In the third, regarding the agent slandering, minds have three grades: inferior, middling, and superior; speech has coarse, fine, and middling; their lightness and gravity can be known accordingly. In the fourth, regarding the harm caused, there are five: 1. due to this slander, causing many people who have aroused bodhicitta but are indeterminate to regress; 2. causing those who have already believed to regress; 3. causing those who have not yet believed not to believe; 4. causing those who do not yet have wrong views to generate wrong views; 5. causing those who already have wrong views to cling firmly to them. All are graver before and lighter after. In the fifth, combined assessment: slandering a superior object before a great assembly with supreme wrong view, uttering coarse words, and causing great harm constitutes the gravest. The rest, in order and in various combinations, all possess lightness and gravity, which can be understood by analogy. In the sixth, oneself versus another: 1. oneself; 2. another; 3. both. All are lighter before and graver after, as can be known.