法華論疏 3.100

3.100

聞大乘法取非大乘者，此人本學大乘，但作有所得學，故聞說大乘退大取小果。如《大品》中有大鳥之譬。初生無翅鳥子，未有兩翅而學飛，故遂便墮落。有所得人雖發大心大行，無慧方便，聞說大乘退取小果，故《大品》中六十菩薩聞說波若成阿羅漢。此中是凡夫人，不同《大品》成阿羅漢，與其大略相似也。如是倒取者，實有大乘而不取大，實無小乘而取小乘，故名為倒。又實學大乘而取於小，故是倒也。

"Hearing the Mahāyāna Dharma yet grasping what is not the Mahāyāna" means: this person originally studied the Mahāyāna, but only engaged in study with conceptual grasping (upalambha). Therefore, hearing the Mahāyāna taught, they regress from the great and grasp the small fruit. This is like the parable of the great bird in the Pañcaviṃśati. A fledgling bird without wings learns to fly before it has both wings, and consequently falls down. Although a person with conceptual grasping generates a great mind and great practice, they lack the skillful means of wisdom (prajñā); hearing the Mahāyāna taught, they regress and grasp the small fruit. Hence in the Pañcaviṃśati, sixty bodhisattvas heard prajñā taught and became arhats. The one here is an ordinary person, unlike those in the Pañcaviṃśati who became arhats, but is broadly similar to them. "Grasping in this way inverted[ly]" means: truly possessing the Mahāyāna yet not grasping the great, and truly lacking the Hīnayāna yet grasping the Hīnayāna, hence it is called inverted. Furthermore, truly studying the Mahāyāna yet grasping the small is also inverted.