俱舍論記 10.216

10.216

「此斷末摩至必定當死」者，顯斷末摩，天中非有，然有兩種五衰相現。又《正理論》云「五小相現，非定命終，遇勝善緣猶可轉故。大五相現，決定命終，設遇強緣亦不轉故。非此五相諸天皆有，亦非此五一一皆具，總集而說故言有五。」又《婆沙》一百九十云「問：何處有斷末摩？答：在欲界，非色、無色界。於欲界中，地獄無斷末摩，以恒斷故。傍生、餓鬼有斷末摩。人中三洲，非北𤘽盧洲。欲界諸天亦無斷末摩，彼非惱亂業果故。問：何等補特伽羅有斷末摩？答：異生、聖者皆有。於聖者中，預流、一來、不還、阿羅漢、獨覺皆有，唯除世尊。無惱亂業故，諸佛世尊無斷末摩。聲音不壞，無漸命終，以佛世尊諸根頓滅故。

Regarding "This severing of the marman ... will certainly die": this clarifies that the severing of the marman does not occur among the devas, yet there are two kinds of five signs of decay that manifest. Furthermore, the *Nyāyānusāra* says: "When the five minor signs manifest, life does not definitely end, because if superior good conditions are encountered, they can still be averted. When the five major signs manifest, life definitely ends; even if strong conditions are encountered, they cannot be averted. It is not that all devas have these five signs, nor does each deva possess all five; they are spoken of collectively as five." Furthermore, *Mahāvibhāṣā* 190 says: "Question: Where does the severing of the marman occur? Answer: In the desire realm, not in the form or formless realms. Within the desire realm, there is no severing of the marman in the hells, because they are constantly being severed. It exists among animals and hungry ghosts. Among humans, it exists in three continents, not in Uttarakuru. The devas of the desire realm also have no severing of the marman, as that is not the fruit of karma that torments others. Question: In what kind of pudgala does the severing of the marman occur? Answer: It exists in both ordinary persons and noble ones. Among noble ones, it exists in stream-enterers, once-returners, non-returners, arhats, and pratyekabuddhas, with the sole exception of the World-Honoured One. Because of the absence of tormenting karma, the Buddha, the World-Honoured One, has no severing of the marman. His voice does not deteriorate, and he does not die gradually, because all sense faculties of the Buddha, the World-Honoured One, cease simultaneously."