俱舍論記 15.75

15.75

「雖有此說至火輪死人」者，經部通經。經意污道沙門名沙門者，雖有此說，而彼唯有剃髮染衣餘沙門相故名沙門，非有戒體說名沙門。寄喻來說，如被燒材實非材木，似材木故假立材名。亦如剋木作鸚鵡㭰，實非彼㭰，似彼㭰故假立㭰名。有水名池，涸池名池似彼池故，以假立池名。生芽名種，敗種名種，似彼種故假立種名。周匝名輪，旋火名輪，似彼輪故假立輪名。思慮名人，死已名人，似彼人故假立人名。污道沙門應知亦爾。戒名沙門，犯重已去名沙門者，似沙門故假名沙門。

"Although it is said ... a circle of fire, and a dead person": The Sautrāntika resolves the sūtra. The intent of the sūtra when it calls a defiler-of-the-path śramaṇa a śramaṇa is: although it says this, it is only because he possesses the shaved head, dyed robes, and the other outward signs of a śramaṇa that he is called a śramaṇa; it is not because he has the entity of the precepts that he is called a śramaṇa. To explain by way of metaphor: just as wood that has been burned is not truly timber, yet because it resembles timber the name "timber" is applied metaphorically; or just as when wood is carved into a parrot's beak, it is not truly that beak, yet because it resembles that beak the name "beak" is applied metaphorically; or just as a body of water is called a pond, and a dried-up pond is called a "pond" because it resembles such a pond, so the name "pond" is applied metaphorically; or just as what produces a shoot is called a seed, and a ruined seed is called a "seed" because it resembles such a seed, so the name "seed" is applied metaphorically; or just as that which is circular is called a wheel, and fire whirled around is called a "wheel" [of fire] because it resembles such a wheel, so the name "wheel" is applied metaphorically; or just as a thinking being is called a person, and after one has died one is called a "person" because one resembles such a person, so the name "person" is applied metaphorically—one should know that the defiler-of-the-path śramaṇa is also like this. The precepts are called a "śramaṇa"; when one who has committed a grave offense is henceforth called a śramaṇa, it is because he resembles a śramaṇa that he is metaphorically called a śramaṇa.