俱舍論記 16.12

16.12

「不善業果至惡勝善故」者，答。於欲界中，不善業果非必應為善業果雜，如斷善人造諸惡業，及地獄中受黑異熟果。欲界善業果必定應為惡業果雜，如五趣中造善業，及四趣中受異熟。問：未離欲者造欲善業可為惡雜，已離欲者造欲善業定無惡雜應名白白，何故欲善皆名雜業？解云；欲善業果名為雜者，據未斷說。若細分別，已離欲者作欲善業非惡業雜，雖為因時非惡業雜，受果之時必惡果雜，以因從果總名為雜。或相雜類故名為相雜，以欲界中惡勝善故。惡名黑黑不名白黑，善名黑白不名白白。故《婆沙》一百一十四云「如是說者，一切不善業皆名黑黑異熟業，由欲界中不善強盛，不為善法之所陵雜，以不善法能斷自地善故。善業羸劣而為不善之所陵雜，以欲界善不能斷不善故。」

Regarding "Unwholesome karma and result... because the unwholesome surpasses the wholesome": This is the answer. In the desire realm, unwholesome karma and results are not necessarily intermingled with wholesome karma and results—as when a person who has severed the roots of wholesomeness creates various evil karmas, and when one experiences purely dark vipāka results in the hells. But wholesome karma and results in the desire realm are necessarily intermingled with evil karma and results—as when one creates wholesome karma among the five destinies, and when one experiences vipāka in the four destinies. Question: For one who is not yet free from desire, creating desire-realm wholesome karma may be intermingled with evil; but for one who has already attained freedom from desire, creating desire-realm wholesome karma is definitely not intermingled with evil and should be called purely white. Why then are all desire-realm wholesome [actions] called mixed karma? Explanation: That wholesome karma and results of the desire realm are called "mixed" is stated with reference to the unsevered state. If distinguished in detail: when one who has attained freedom from desire performs desire-realm wholesome karma, it is not intermingled with evil karma; yet although it is not intermingled with evil karma at the time of the cause, at the time of experiencing the result it is necessarily intermingled with evil results. By following the result from the cause, it is generically called "mixed". Alternatively, they are called "intermingled" because their types are intermingled, since in the desire realm evil surpasses the wholesome. Evil is called dark-dark, not white-dark; the wholesome is called dark-white, not white-white. Therefore, fascicle 114 of the Mahāvibhāṣā states: "The authoritative explanation is: all unwholesome karma is called karma with dark-dark vipāka, because unwholesomeness is powerful in the desire realm and is not encroached upon or intermingled with by wholesome dharmas, since unwholesome dharmas can sever the wholesome of their own sphere. Wholesome karma is weak and is encroached upon and intermingled with by the unwholesome, because the wholesome of the desire realm cannot sever the unwholesome."