俱舍論疏 19.80

19.80

論「如前所說」，此下一行頌，第二明忍所斷有定、不定，智斷唯定不同。《婆沙》五十一云「前行義，一不共、二畢竟、三最初。不共前行者，謂若諸煩惱通三界繫，唯見所斷有二句，非想一地唯見所斷、唯聖人斷。下八地通二人，聖者斷唯見斷、異生斷唯修斷。此以非想地見斷為前行（以見道不共先答）。畢竟前行者，若諸煩惱唯欲界繫，通於五部。彼修為前行有二句：或修所斷，或見、修所斷。修所斷者是決定，若聖若凡皆修所斷故。見斷不定，聖斷是見斷、凡斷是修斷。修斷決定故先答，以五門中是最後故，名畢竟前行。最初前行者，若諸煩惱通三界繫、通五部，彼見為前行有三句：非想見所斷，唯聖人斷、唯無漏道斷、唯見斷，為第一句。已下八地，非唯見斷，故不合立。不例修道，修道下地唯修斷故。所以合立修所斷。通下八地皆修所斷，通凡聖斷，非想一地唯聖人斷、唯無漏道斷。以同唯修斷，合立為一，為第二句。不例見道，以有一定故，非第三句。以與下合，立凡、聖，漏、無漏不定故，非第一句。下八地見所斷，唯不定故，為第三句。」問：前行是何義？答先立義、先答義，是前行義。如最初前行先立見所斷，次立修所斷，後立不定。此依《婆沙》所立次第也。

On the verse stating, "As previously stated," the following single stanza is the second [section], explaining that what is abandoned through receptivity (kṣānti) is both determinate and indeterminate, whereas what is abandoned through knowledge (jñāna) is exclusively determinate and differs [accordingly]. The *Vibhāṣā*, fascicle 51, states: "'Preliminary' (pūrvāṅga) has three meanings: first, unique; second, definitive; third, initial. As for 'unique preliminary': if afflictions pertain to the three realms and are abandoned exclusively through seeing, there are two propositions: in the single stage of neither-conceptualization-nor-non-conceptualization, they are abandoned exclusively through seeing and abandoned exclusively by noble persons (ārya); in the lower eight stages, they pertain to both types of persons—abandonment by noble persons is exclusively abandonment through seeing, while abandonment by ordinary persons (pṛthagjana) is exclusively abandonment through cultivation. Here, taking abandonment through seeing in the stage of neither-conceptualization-nor-non-conceptualization as the preliminary (since the path of seeing is unique, it is answered first). As for 'definitive preliminary': if afflictions are bound exclusively to the desire realm and pertain to all five categories, taking their cultivation as the preliminary has two propositions: either abandoned through cultivation, or abandoned through seeing and cultivation. That which is abandoned through cultivation is determinate, because whether by noble ones or ordinary ones, it is always abandoned through cultivation. What is abandoned through seeing is indeterminate: abandonment by noble ones is abandonment through seeing, while abandonment by ordinary ones is abandonment through cultivation. Because abandonment through cultivation is determinate, it is answered first; since among the five categories it is the last, it is called 'definitive preliminary'. As for 'initial preliminary': if afflictions pertain to the three realms and to all five categories, taking their seeing as preliminary has three propositions: what is abandoned through seeing in neither-conceptualization is abandoned exclusively by noble persons, abandoned exclusively by an untainted path, and abandoned exclusively through seeing—this is the first proposition. The lower eight stages are not abandoned exclusively through seeing, and hence are not combined [with it] in establishing it. This is not analogous to the path of cultivation, because the lower stages of the path of cultivation are abandoned exclusively through cultivation; therefore they are combined in establishing 'abandoned through cultivation'. Throughout the lower eight stages all are abandoned through cultivation, pertaining to abandonment by both ordinary and noble persons; whereas the single stage of neither-conceptualization is abandoned exclusively by noble persons and exclusively by an untainted path. Because they are alike in being abandoned exclusively through cultivation, they are combined as one, forming the second proposition. It is not analogous to the path of seeing, because possessing a determinate [nature], it is not the third proposition; and because, being combined with the lower, it is established as indeterminate with respect to ordinary/noble and tainted/untainted, it is not the first proposition. What is abandoned through seeing in the lower eight stages is solely indeterminate, and therefore forms the third proposition." Question: What does "preliminary" mean? Answer: The meaning of establishing first and answering first is the meaning of "preliminary". As with the initial preliminary, it first establishes what is abandoned through seeing, next establishes what is abandoned through cultivation, and afterwards establishes the indeterminate. This follows the order established by the *Vibhāṣā*.