俱舍論疏 26.218

26.218

論「為離此言通二四道」，謂上為離此地染者，非唯無漏無間、解脫道二四道也。《正理論》云「謂隨何地有漏、無漏加行等道正現在前，為欲斷除此地煩惱，未來修此及下無漏，下於上染同能治故。雖下聖道斷煩惱時，諸上地邊有能同治，然由有漏繫地堅牢，未離下時未能修彼。隨依何地離下地染，第九解脫現在前時，能修未來所得上地，及諸下地無漏功德。隨起此地世俗、聖道現在前時，未來皆修此及下地無漏功德。」准此論文，〈賢聖品〉頌云「聖二離八修，各二離繫得。」長行釋云「諸有學聖用有漏道，離下八地修斷染時，能具引生二離繫得。用無漏道，離彼亦然，由二種道同所作故」者，准《正理》文，聖定用有漏及無漏道離染，雖同修二種得，有漏道斷隨品修二，無漏道斷至第九品解脫道修。《顯宗》三十二有三釋。一云：由此有學離八修斷，世、出世道隨應現前，各未來修世、出世道。此總相說，以無漏道離上七地前八品時，不修上邊世俗道故。唯有無漏一離繫得，離第九品方可具二。第二釋云：或應許得離道而修。第三釋云：或應斷染時許依下修上。已上說修道，非見道也，見道現起亦修下俗智故。

[On] the treatise's: "The phrase 'in order to detach from this' applies to both sets of four paths": this means that the aforementioned detaching from the defilements of this stage is not limited to the two paths—the uninterrupted and liberation paths—of the uncontaminated, but extends to all four paths. The Nyāyānusāra says: "Whenever a preparatory path or the like, contaminated or uncontaminated, manifests in the present in whatever stage, in order to abandon the afflictions of this stage, one cultivates in the future the uncontaminated of this and lower [stages], because lower ones equally act as remedies against higher defilements. Although when a lower noble path severs afflictions there are [paths] adjacent to higher stages that can act as common remedies, because the contaminated are firmly bound to their stage, so long as one has not detached from the lower one cannot cultivate the higher. Relying on whatever stage one detaches from the defilements of a lower stage, when the ninth liberation manifests in the present, one can cultivate the uncontaminated merits of the higher stage attained in the future, as well as the lower stages. Whenever the conventional or noble path of this stage manifests in the present, one cultivates in the future the uncontaminated merits of this and lower stages." Based on this treatise text, the verse of the 'Chapter on the Noble and Wise' says: "A noble one detaches from eight through two, each cultivating two acquisitions of disjunction." The prose commentary explains: "When all noble learners use a contaminated path to detach from the defilements abandoned by cultivation belonging to the lower eight stages, they can completely induce the two acquisitions of disjunction. When using an uncontaminated path to detach from them, it is also thus, because the two paths accomplish the same function." Based on the text of the Nyāyānusāra, although a noble one definitively uses contaminated and uncontaminated paths to detach from defilement and equally cultivates both kinds of acquisitions, when severing via a contaminated path one cultivates both according to the grade, whereas when severing via an uncontaminated path one cultivates them upon reaching the ninth grade's path of liberation. Fascicle 32 of the Samayapradīpikā has three explanations: The first says: because this learner detaches from the eight [stages] abandoned by cultivation, mundane and supramundane paths manifest according to circumstances, each cultivating mundane and supramundane paths in the future. This is a general statement, because when detaching from the first eight grades of the upper seven stages via an uncontaminated path, one does not cultivate the conventional path adjacent to the higher [stages]. There is only one acquisition of disjunction, namely the uncontaminated; only upon detaching from the ninth grade can one possess both. The second explanation says: or one should accept that acquisition is cultivated separate from the path. The third explanation says: or one should accept that when severing defilements, one cultivates the higher relying on the lower. The above speaks of the path of cultivation, not the path of seeing, because when the path of seeing manifests, it also cultivates lower conventional knowledge.