俱舍論疏 3.5

3.5

論「最勝自在至根增上義」，第二答根義也。《正理論》云「此增上義，界義顯成。界謂伊地、或謂忍地，最勝自在是伊地義，照灼明了是忍地義。」今詳字界有其多義。《正理論》意：最勝自在是伊地界義，照灼明了是忍地界義。熾盛光顯是字緣，助其伊地、忍地二字界名。最勝自在照灼明了之義轉名增上，增上即是根義。此論最勝自在是伊地字界之義，光顯是字緣，助其伊地最勝自在之義轉名增上義，增上義名根也。故《正理》云「此增上義界義顯成」，此意總顯二十二根於諸聚中作用增上。問：諸法相望各各別有增上用故，應竝名根。答：此極增上，別說義成。如師子王及村邑長等，於獸、村邑極增上故。

On the Śāstra's: "supreme and sovereign […] the meaning of a faculty is predominance": this is the second [section], answering the meaning of "faculty" (indriya). The Nyāyānusāra says: "This meaning of predominance is established and manifested by the meaning of the verbal roots (dhātu). The verbal root is id, or it is ind. 'Supreme and sovereign' is the meaning of the root id; 'shining and brilliant' is the meaning of the root ind." Now, when examining verbal roots, they have many meanings. The intent of the Nyāyānusāra is: supreme sovereignty is the meaning of the verbal root id; shining brilliance is the meaning of the verbal root ind. "Flourishing brightness" is the suffix (pratyaya), which assists the designations of the two verbal roots id and ind. The meaning of supreme sovereignty and shining brilliance transforms to be named "predominance" (adhipatya), and predominance is precisely the meaning of faculty (indriya). In this Śāstra, supreme sovereignty is the meaning of the verbal root id, and brightness is the suffix, which assists the meaning of supreme sovereignty of the root id, transforming to be named "predominance"; the meaning of predominance is called "faculty". Therefore the Nyāyānusāra says: "This meaning of predominance is established and manifested by the meaning of the verbal roots." Its intent is to comprehensively demonstrate that the twenty-two faculties have predominant efficacy among all assemblages. Question: Since all dharmas have their own respective predominant efficacy with respect to one another, should they not all be called faculties? Answer: These are exceedingly predominant; thus the meaning is established with a distinctive designation, just as a lion king, a village headman, and the like are exceedingly predominant over beasts, villages, and the like.