俱舍論疏 26.45

26.45

On the Śāstra's statement: "Fifth, because of preparation [...] establishing the name 'knowledge of others' minds'": fifth is establishing the knowledge of others' minds (paracittajñāna). The Nyāyānusāra further cites the explanation of Venerable Pārśva: "To induce the arising of this knowledge, one must first know the mind, and only thereafter know mental factors; from its beginning, it is solely established under the name 'knowledge of others' minds'. When inducing this knowledge, what preparation is cultivated? First, one should observe visible matter's color and shape, and preferred vocal sounds expressing differences of mind. That is to say, when that practitioner is a beginner, wishing to scrutinize and know the differences in others' minds, he first scrutinizes and observes his own visible matter's color and shape, and why his preferred vocal sounds have differences. He then comes to know that differences in color, etc., are due to the mind. Next, he further scrutinizes and observes that in another's person, color and so forth also arise with differences due to differences in mind. Because of this, at a later time, free from desire and with mindfulness of the body, pliant and purified, he induces the arising of superior samādhi; relying upon samādhi, there arises knowledge endowed with majestic power. This knowledge genuinely perceives others' minds, just as threads of various colors in a clear pearl are clearly discernible. This is called cultivating the preparation for conventional knowledge of others' minds. When cultivating untainted knowledge of others' minds, one takes the knowledge of suffering that contemplates impermanence and so forth as preparation; this preparatory stage comprehensively apprehends both visible matter and mind, but upon reaching fulfillment, it apprehends mind and not visible matter (end of text from the Śāstra)."