俱舍論疏 4.41

4.41

On the Śāstra's statement, "What are those factors?": this is a further question. Below, the five great ground factors are explained individually, in five sections. Below, the first section of one verse explains the factors of the great ground individually. Preparing to explain their names and substances, the general name is first explained, as stated earlier. The Nyāyānusāra says: "The ground is precisely the mind; because it is the ground of great factors, it is called the great ground. Here, whatever factors belong to the great ground are called factors of the great ground. That is, factors that co-arise universally with all categories and all minds; because of this, the mind is not a factor of the great ground, since it does not co-arise with the mind." Based on the treatise text above, the ten factors such as sensation are called "great" because they pervade all minds. Because the primary mind is the support for what is great, it is called the "great ground". The ten factors such as sensation arise together with the mind, so they are called "factors of the great ground". Because the mind does not co-arise with the primary mind, it is not a factor of the great ground. Volume 16 of the Vibhāṣā states: "Question: What is the meaning of factors of the great ground? Answer: 'Great' refers to the mind. These ten factors are the place where the mind arises; being the ground of the great, it is called the great ground. The great ground itself is the factors, so they are called factors of the great ground. Some say: Mind is called 'great' because its substance and function are predominant. Precisely this great is the ground, hence it is called the great ground, because it is the locus of support for the various mental factors. Because the ten factors such as sensation are universally obtainable in all great grounds, they are called factors of the great ground. Some say: The ten factors such as sensation pervade all categories of mind, hence they are called 'great'; mind is their ground, hence it is called the 'great ground'. Sensation and the like are precisely what belongs to the great ground, hence they are called factors of the great ground." The first two explanations differ from the two treatises [Abhidharmakośa and Nyāyānusāra], while the last explanation agrees with the two treatises. Since ancient times, various masters have used either three meanings or five meanings to differentiate the distinctions among the five grounds; fearing prolixity, they are not recounted. Now this author of the treatise uses only one meaning to differentiate the distinction of the ground factors, which is superior to differentiating by three or five meanings. That is, he differentiates them by their pervading all minds, for all other mental factors are unable to pervade all minds.