俱舍論頌疏論本 10.75

10.75

後二於當有，引及起如此者，明後二食勝也。言當有者，謂未來生思食是業，能引當有。思食引已，識種子力能起當有，由業所熏識種子力，當有方起，故此二食能益當生，最為殊勝，故雖有漏皆資長有，而就勝說唯有四食。前二如養母，養已生故；後二如生母，生未生故。又論文明段食四句分別：第一句者，是段非食，謂所飲噉為緣，損壞諸根大種；第二句者，是食非段，謂觸等三食；第三句者，亦段亦食，謂所飲噉為緣，資益諸根大種；第四句者，謂除前相。觸等三食皆有四句，於中是觸等而非食者，謂無漏觸及有漏觸為緣，損壞諸根大種，餘思可解。論云：「五趣四生皆具四食。」問：「如何地獄有段食耶？」答：「飲鐵丸等，雖於食已能為損壞，而能暫時解除飢渴，得食相故，亦名為食。又孤地獄飲食如人，故五趣中皆具四食。」

"The latter two, with respect to future existence, lead and bring about in the same way"—this explains the pre-eminence of the latter two foods. "Future existence" refers to future birth. Volition-food is karma, which can lead to future existence. After volition-food has led it, the force of the seeds of consciousness can bring about future existence; only by the force of the seeds of consciousness perfumed by karma does future existence arise. Therefore, these two foods can benefit future birth and are the most pre-eminent. Hence, although all defiled things support and augment existence, only four foods are spoken of in terms of their pre-eminence. The first two are like a nursing mother, nurturing what is already born; the latter two are like a birth mother, giving birth to what is not yet born. Furthermore, the text of the treatise analyzes morsel food into four alternatives: the first alternative is that which is a morsel but not food, referring to what is drunk and eaten functioning as a condition to damage the faculties and great elements; the second alternative is that which is food but not a morsel, referring to the three foods of contact and so forth; the third alternative is that which is both a morsel and food, referring to what is drunk and eaten functioning as a condition to benefit the faculties and great elements; the fourth alternative refers to what excludes the previous characteristics. The three foods of contact and so forth also each have four alternatives; among them, that which is contact and so forth but not food refers to undefiled contact and defiled contact functioning as conditions to damage the faculties and great elements; the rest can be understood by analogy. The treatise says: "The five destinies and the four types of birth all possess the four foods." Question: "How can there be morsel food in the hells?" Answer: "Swallowing molten iron pellets and the like, although damaging after being eaten, can temporarily relieve hunger and thirst; having the characteristic of food, it is also called food. Moreover, in the solitary hells, eating and drinking are like those of humans; hence all five destinies possess the four foods."