俱舍論頌疏論本 15.19

15.19

釋曰：前四句有宗，第五句經部，第六句法密宗，後兩句有宗通難。言調伏者，意顯律儀由此能令根調伏故，除近住戒，所餘律儀由四緣捨。一、由故捨者，須具三緣：一由意樂厭戒心故；二對有解人相領解故；三發有表業，謂陳捨辭違受表故。三緣有闕，捨戒不成。非唯起心，謂在夢中捨不成故；非唯起表，癡狂心等不成捨故；非唯此二，對傍生等捨不成故。故具此三，方成故捨。二、由命終者，戒依身得，所依捨時，戒隨捨故。三、由二形俱生者，謂男女根生，由所依變，心隨變故，又二形人非戒依故。四、由斷善根者，戒依心發，善心既斷，戒亦隨捨。五、由夜盡者，戒期限過故。捨近住戒由上五緣，所餘律儀唯由四緣捨，謂除夜盡。總論別解脫由五緣捨。

Explanation: The first four lines are the Sarvāstivāda view; the fifth line is the Sautrāntika view; the sixth line is the Dharmaguptaka school's view; the last two lines are the Sarvāstivāda's resolution of objections. 'Discipline' (vinaya) is intended to indicate the vows, because through this one is able to discipline the faculties. Except for the upavāsa vows, the remaining vows are relinquished through four conditions. 1. 'Through intentional relinquishment': this requires possessing three conditions: first, through the mental intention of a mind disgusted with the vows; second, facing an understanding person who mutually comprehends; third, emitting an informative action (vijñapti), which means stating words of relinquishment contrary to the informative action of receiving. If any of the three conditions is lacking, relinquishing the vows is not accomplished. It is not accomplished merely by giving rise to a thought, because relinquishing in a dream is not accomplished; it is not accomplished merely by giving rise to an informative action, because in a mind of delusion, madness, and so forth, relinquishing is not accomplished; it is not accomplished merely by these two, because facing an animal or the like, relinquishing is not accomplished. Therefore, possessing these three, intentional relinquishment is first accomplished. 2. 'Through the end of life': the vows are obtained based on the physical body; when that which is relied upon is relinquished, the vows are relinquished accordingly. 3. 'Through both sexes arising together': that is, both male and female faculties arise; because that which is relied upon transforms, the mind transforms accordingly; furthermore, a hermaphrodite (ubhayavyañjanaka) is not a support for vows. 4. 'Through the severing of roots of good': the vows arise depending on the mind; when the wholesome mind is severed, the vows are also relinquished accordingly. 5. 'Through the end of the night': because the time limit of the vows has passed. Relinquishing the upavāsa vows occurs through the above five conditions; the remaining vows are relinquished only through four conditions, namely excluding the end of the night. In general, prātimokṣa is relinquished through five conditions.