俱舍論頌疏論本 15.4

15.4

釋曰：上兩句明得別解脫戒，下兩句明得定、道戒。從一切二現，得欲界律儀者，一、從一切得欲律儀；二、從二得欲界律儀；三、從現得欲律儀。從一切者，謂根本業道，加行後起，此發罪處，名為一切。謂別解脫離根本罪及加行後起罪故，於一切發惡處得別解脫戒。二、從二得者，二謂二類：一、有情類性罪、遮罪，性謂殺生等，遮謂女人同宿等；二、非情類性罪、遮罪，性謂盜外財，遮謂堀地等。今受善戒，能離性罪及與遮罪，故從二類發罪處得別解脫戒。三、從現得者，論云：「謂從現世蘊處界得，非從去、來，謂此律儀有情處轉，去、來非是有情處故（解云：有情處者，一有情、二有情處。處有二種：一所依處、二所止處所。以離邪婬，於守護有情邊發戒。若離殺生，於有情所依處發戒。若不堀地，於有情所止處發戒也）。」

The explanation says: The first two lines explain the acquisition of the prātimokṣa precepts; the last two lines explain the acquisition of the precepts of absorption (dhyāna) and the path (mārga). "From all, two, and the present, one acquires the discipline of the desire realm": first, acquiring the discipline of the desire realm from all; second, acquiring the discipline of the desire realm from two; third, acquiring the discipline of the desire realm from the present. "From all" means the fundamental karmapathas, their preliminary preparations (prayoga), and their subsequent acts (pṛṣṭha); these loci that give rise to offences are called "all". Because prātimokṣa abstains from fundamental offences as well as preliminary and subsequent offences, one acquires the prātimokṣa precepts in relation to all loci that give rise to evil. Second, "acquiring from two" means two categories: first, the intrinsic offences and prohibited offences pertaining to sentient beings—intrinsic offences being killing living beings and the like, and prohibited offences being lodging together with a woman and the like; second, the intrinsic offences and prohibited offences pertaining to non-sentient things—intrinsic offences being stealing external property, and prohibited offences being digging the earth and the like. Now, when receiving the wholesome precepts, one is able to abstain from both intrinsic offences and prohibited offences; therefore, one acquires the prātimokṣa precepts from both categories of loci that give rise to offences. Third, "acquiring from the present": the treatise says, "It means acquiring [them] from the skandhas, dhātus, and āyatanas of the present lifetime, not from the past or the future; for this discipline operates in relation to loci of sentient beings, and the past and future are not loci of sentient beings." (The explanation states: "Loci of sentient beings" means: first, the sentient being; second, the locus of the sentient being. "Locus" is twofold: first, the locus of support; second, the locus of habitation. By abstaining from sexual misconduct, precepts are generated toward the protected sentient being. If one abstains from killing living beings, precepts are generated toward the sentient being's locus of support. If one does not dig the earth, precepts are generated toward the sentient being's locus of habitation.)