俱舍論頌疏論本 17.18

17.18

不善一至八者，明不善業道或一至八與思俱轉。一俱轉者，有兩種一：且初一者，謂離所餘七惡色業，貪等三中隨一現起，貪、嗔、邪見必不俱生，故隨一起與思俱轉；第二一者，謂先加行，遣使殺等，造六惡業，不染心時，於前六中，隨一究竟善無記心，名為不染。染心究竟成二俱轉，故言不染，謂簡染心成二俱轉也。二俱轉者，謂以嗔心究竟殺業，若起貪位成不與取，或復起貪成欲邪行，或時起貪成雜穢語，此上四類，名二業道與思俱轉。三俱轉者，謂以瞋心，於屬他生，盜離本處，斷其命根，俱時殺、盜，瞋、殺、盜三與思俱轉。又先加行，遣使殺等，造惡色業，貪、瞋、邪見一正起時。於前殺等隨二究竟，既貪等一，殺等隨二，故三俱轉。四俱轉者，此有三類：第一四者，謂欲壞他，說虛誑語，意業道一、語業道三。以壞他故，是離間語；說虛誑故，復成誑語；此是染言，必兼雜穢。故語業三。第二四者，又欲壞他，說麁惡語，意業道一、語業道三。以壞他故，是離間語；說麁惡故，復成麁語；此是染言，必兼雜穢。故語業三。第三四者，若先加行，遣使殺等，造惡色業，貪等現前，於前殺等隨三究竟，既貪等一、殺等隨三，故四俱轉。五俱轉者，謂先加行造惡色業，貪等現前，隨四究竟。六俱轉者，貪等現前，隨五究竟。七俱轉者，貪等現前，隨六究竟，准上應知。八俱轉者，於加行位，遣使殺等，造六惡業，自行邪行，此七業道一時究竟，行邪欲故，必有貪心，成八俱轉。貪、瞋、邪見自力現前，必不俱行，故無九、十與思俱轉（各當頭起，名為自力）。

'Of the unwholesome, from one up to eight' explains that unwholesome karmapathas operate together with volition from one up to eight. As for operating together with one, there are two kinds of 'one': First, the former 'one' means that, apart from the remaining seven evil physical and vocal [actions], when any one among the three—greed and so forth—manifests, greed, hostility, and wrong views definitely do not arise simultaneously; therefore, when whichever one arises, it operates together with volition. The second 'one' means that when one has previously undertaken preliminary activity, dispatched an agent to kill and so forth, committing the six evil karmas, and at the time of an unpolluted mind, whichever one among the preceding six reaches culmination. A wholesome or indeterminate mind is termed 'unpolluted'. Reaching culmination with a polluted mind constitutes operating together with two; therefore, it says 'unpolluted' to exclude a polluted mind which constitutes operating together with two. As for operating together with two: this refers to culminating the karma of killing with a mind of hostility; or when greed arises, completing taking what is not given; or again, greed arises, completing sexual misconduct; or at times greed arises, completing frivolous talk. The above four types are named two karmapathas operating together with volition. As for operating together with three: this refers to using a mind of hostility to steal and remove from its original place what belongs to another living being and sever its life-faculty; killing and stealing simultaneously, these three—hostility, killing, and stealing—operate together with volition. Furthermore, having previously undertaken preliminary activity, dispatched an agent to kill and so forth, committing evil physical and vocal karma, at the very moment when one among greed, hostility, or wrong view arises, whichever two among the preceding—killing and so forth—reach culmination. Since there is one [mental path] of greed and so forth, and any two of killing and so forth, three operate together. As for operating together with four: there are three types of this. The first four means: desiring to cause division among others, one speaks false words; there is one mental karmapatha and three vocal karmapathas. Because of desiring to cause division among others, it is divisive speech; because of speaking falsehood, it further becomes false speech; and as this is polluted speech, it necessarily also involves frivolous talk. Hence there are three vocal karmas. The second four: again, desiring to cause division among others, one speaks harsh words; there is one mental karmapatha and three vocal karmapathas. Because of desiring to cause division among others, it is divisive speech; because of speaking harsh words, it further becomes harsh speech; and as this is polluted speech, it necessarily also involves frivolous talk. Hence there are three vocal karmas. The third four: if one previously undertook preliminary activity, dispatched an agent to kill and so forth, committing evil physical and vocal karma, and when greed and so forth manifests, any three among the preceding—killing and so forth—reach culmination; since there is one [mental path] of greed and so forth and any three of killing and so forth, four operate together. Operating together with five means: having previously undertaken preliminary activity committing evil physical and vocal karma, when greed and so forth manifests, any four reach culmination. Operating together with six means: greed and so forth manifests, and any five reach culmination. Operating together with seven means: greed and so forth manifests, and any six reach culmination; this should be understood by analogy with the above. Operating together with eight means: in the stage of preliminary activity, one dispatches an agent to kill and so forth, committing six evil karmas, and personally engages in sexual misconduct; when these seven karmapathas culminate at the same time, because one engages in sexual misconduct, there is necessarily a mind of greed, thus constituting eight operating together. Greed, hostility, and wrong view, when manifesting by their own force, definitely do not operate together; therefore, there are not nine or ten operating together with volition ('by their own force' means each arising as the primary leader).