俱舍論頌疏論本 24.17

24.17

言上流者，是上行義，謂於色界要轉生上，方般涅槃。上流有二：一者有雜修，即樂慧也；二者無雜修，即樂定也。若雜修者生色究竟，無雜修者能往有頂。頌言「餘能往有頂」者，餘是不雜修者也。就雜修中復有三種：一全超、二半超、三遍沒。今依色界十六天中辨此三種：言全超者，謂在欲界，於四靜慮已具雜修，遇緣退失上三靜慮，唯味初禪，從此命終生梵眾天，由先習力，復能雜修第四靜慮。從梵眾沒，生色究竟，頓越中間，故名全超。言半超者，從梵眾沒，生色究竟，中間有十四天，漸次受生，或越一天後生色究竟，或越二天後生色究竟，乃至或越十三天處後生究竟，皆名半超，超非全故，名為半超。越一天者受十五生，越二天者受十四生，乃至越十三天者唯受三生，由此半超極多十五生，極少唯三生，中間多少如理思之。聖必不生大梵天處，謂大梵言：我生世間是戒禁取，僻見處故。

As for 'flowing upward' (ūrdhvasrotas): it means moving upward, meaning that in the form realm one must transmigrate to higher births before attaining parinirvāṇa. The upward-flowing are of two kinds: first, those with mixed cultivation, who delight in wisdom; second, those without mixed cultivation, who delight in concentration. Those with mixed cultivation are born in Akaniṣṭha; those without mixed cultivation can go to the Peak of Existence (bhavāgra). When the verse says 'the rest can go to the Peak of Existence', 'the rest' refers to those without mixed cultivation. Within those with mixed cultivation there are further three kinds: 1. complete leapers, 2. half leapers, and 3. those dying everywhere. Now we distinguish these three kinds based on the sixteen heavens of the form realm: As for the 'complete leaper' (sarva-cyuta): while in the desire realm, having already fully accomplished the mixed cultivation of the four dhyānas, upon encountering conditions they retrogress and lose the upper three dhyānas, relishing only the first dhyāna; dying from here, they are reborn in the Brahmā-pāriṣadya heaven; by the force of prior habituation, they are again able to practice the mixed cultivation of the fourth dhyāna; dying from Brahmā-pāriṣadya, they are reborn directly in Akaniṣṭha, suddenly transcending the intermediate [heavens]; hence they are called a 'complete leaper'. As for the 'half leaper': dying from Brahmā-pāriṣadya to be reborn in Akaniṣṭha, with fourteen heavens in between, they take rebirth successively; whether leaping over one heaven before being reborn in Akaniṣṭha, or leaping over two heavens before being reborn in Akaniṣṭha, up to leaping over thirteen heavenly places before being reborn in Akaniṣṭha, all are called 'half leapers'; because the leaping is not complete, it is called a 'half leaper'. One who leaps over one heaven takes fifteen rebirths; one who leaps over two heavens takes fourteen rebirths; up to one who leaps over thirteen heavens taking only three rebirths. Thus, for the half leaper, the maximum is fifteen rebirths and the minimum is only three rebirths; the intermediate amounts should be deduced accordingly. An ārya definitely is not born in the place of the Great Brahmā (Mahābrahmā), because the Great Brahmā's claim 'I created the world' is an attachment to precepts and vows (śīlavrataparāmarśa), a place of perverse views.