俱舍論頌疏論本 2.42

2.42

Regarding the meaning of 'born of maturation', the treatise gives four explanations. The first says: That which is born of a cause of maturation is called 'born of maturation' (vipākaja), just as an ox-drawn cart is called an 'ox cart', omitting the middle word; therefore it is spoken of in this way. In this explanation, 'maturation' pertains either to the cause or to the result. If it pertains to the cause, maturation is itself the cause and is called the cause of maturation—this is a karmadhāraya compound. If it pertains to the result, the cause of maturation is called the cause of maturation—this is a tatpuruṣa compound. If one speaks of 'born of maturation', it is exclusively a tatpuruṣa compound; that is, being born of a cause of maturation is called 'born of maturation', dropping the two characters for 'cause' and 'of', saying merely 'born of maturation', just as saying 'ox cart' drops the two characters for 'drawn by'. The second explanation says: Alternatively, the karma that has been performed transforms and is capable of maturing when the time of obtaining the result arrives; hence it is called 'maturation'. The result arises from it, so it is called 'born of maturation'. That is, the karma that has been performed gives rise to the function of seizing the result before the time of obtaining it arrives; when the time of obtaining the result arrives, it gives rise to the function of delivering the result. Because this function of delivering the result is different from the former function of seizing the result, it is called 'transformation'. Transformation is difference; because it is capable of maturing, it is called 'maturation' (vipāka). The difference is itself the maturation; therefore it is called 'maturation'—this is a karmadhāraya compound. The result arises from it, so it is called 'born of maturation'. The arising of maturation is a tatpuruṣa compound. The intention of this explanation is that 'maturation' resides in the cause, while 'born' pertains to the result. The third explanation says: The result obtained by it belongs to a different class from the cause, and yet it is what is matured; therefore it is called 'maturation'. The intention of this explanation is that the result is neutral, whereas the cause is wholesome or unwholesome; therefore it is said to belong to a different class from the cause, which is called 'different'. Furthermore, it is what is matured; maturation is itself what is born—this is a karmadhāraya compound. The fourth explanation says: Alternatively, the designation of the result is provisionally applied to the cause. (The intention of this explanation is that the result is called maturation, which is the same as the second explanation. The cause is not maturation, yet the cause is now called maturation because the designation of the result is established upon the cause. The cause is called maturation because it possesses maturation; this is a bahuvrīhi compound. The result arises from the cause of maturation, so it is called 'born of maturation'. The arising of maturation is a tatpuruṣa compound.)