俱舍論頌疏論本 2.57

2.57

Explanation: 'Dharmas share the same function': 'dharmas' refers to the dharma element (dharmadhātu). In this dharma element, there is only sharing the same function (sabhāga); there is no not sharing the same function (tat-sabhāga). Speaking generally of the six objects being called 'sharing the same function': they definitely serve as the objective support for the consciousness capable of apprehending them. 'Definitely' has two meanings. First: like the five objects, visible form and the rest, they definitely serve as objective supports for consciousness, which is called 'definitely'; that is, the five consciousnesses are called 'definite' because they apprehend objects without confusion. Now, these five objects obtain the name 'definite' because they definitely serve as objective supports for the five consciousnesses; when the five consciousnesses apprehend them, they are said to 'share the same function'. Although they are apprehended by mental consciousness, because it is not definite, they are not 'sharing the same function'. Second: the object of dharmas is called 'definite' because its very substance is definite, being apprehended exclusively by mental consciousness, which is determinate. Because it is definitely apprehended by mental consciousness, it is called 'sharing the same function' in relation to mental consciousness. The treatise says: 'There is no single dharma element among them for which boundless mental consciousness has not already arisen, is not presently arising, or will not arise.' Therefore, this dharma element is constantly called 'sharing the same function'. (Boundless mental consciousness is the contemplation of non-self, because the objects it apprehends are boundless. 'Has already arisen, is presently arising, or will arise' means already arisen in the past, presently arising in the present, and to arise in the future.) 'The remaining are both': that is, the remaining seventeen elements all have both sharing the same function and not sharing the same function. If they perform their own activity, they are called 'sharing the same function'; if they do not perform their own activity, they are called 'not sharing the same function'. Regarding 'performing their own activity': 'activity' means active function. As with the six faculties and six consciousnesses, they are called 'performing their own active function' in terms of being capable of grasping their objects; if they are incapable of grasping their objects, they are called 'not performing their own activity'. The five objects, visible form and the rest, are called 'performing their own activity' in terms of serving as objects; not serving as objects is called 'not performing their own activity'. Here, the eye faculty, in relation to visible form that can be seen, has seen, is presently seeing, or will see, is called an eye that shares the same function. To explain extensively in this manner, down to the mind faculty, each should be spoken of as its own active function in relation to the object of its own activity. An eye that does not share the same function is of only four kinds: namely, not seeing visible form, having already ceased, presently ceasing, to cease in the future, and dharmas that will not arise. Just as the eye has four kinds, down to the body element there are also four kinds; this should be understood by analogy with the eye. The mind that does not share the same function is of only one kind: namely, dharmas that will not arise; since a mind that arises necessarily shares the same function, only that which does not arise is called 'not sharing the same function'. The form element that has been seen, is presently seen, or will be seen by the eye is called visible form that shares the same function. Visible form that does not share the same function is of only four kinds: namely, not seen by the eye, having already ceased, presently ceasing, to cease in the future, and dharmas that will not arise. Just as it is for visible form, down to the tangible object it should be known to be likewise: sharing the same function is of three kinds, and not sharing the same function is of four kinds. The six consciousnesses, the eye[-consciousness] and the rest, have three kinds of sharing the same function: already arisen, presently arising, and to arise. Therefore, their not sharing the same function is of one kind, being exclusively dharmas that will not arise, just as explained for the mind element.