俱舍論頌疏論本 27.76

27.76

Regarding "five rely on the four dhyānas": the former five supernormal knowledges rely on the four dhyānas. Question: "For what reason do these five not rely on the formless realm?" Answer: "The first three kinds of supernormal knowledge take form (rūpa) as their object. When the supernormal knowledge of knowing another's mind is first cultivated, it uses form as an entryway; that is, when one wishes to cultivate it, one first closely observes the two characteristics of one's own body and mind as they change in tandem—namely, when the mind experiences joy or anger, this is expressed in the physical form. Afterward, one further observes the two characteristics of another's body and mind. By means of this preparation, one later attains [the knowledge of] another's mind, and is able to know another's mind and so forth as it truly is. As for the supernormal knowledge of past lives, one gradually recollects the distinctions of states: that is, recollecting the preceding moment, one gradually observes in reverse, sequentially recollecting the ten distinct states of the body in this life, up to being able to recollect the single moment of mind just prior to the intermediate state—this is called the accomplishment of the preparation for the supernormal knowledge of past lives. When the root [knowledge] is accomplished, because one is able to recollect various matters such as such-and-such a place and such-and-such a clan in past lives, one lacks such capacity when relying on the formless grounds. Furthermore, in the formless realm, contemplation (vipaśyanā) decreases and calming (śamatha) increases, whereas the five supernormal knowledges must rely on grounds where calming and contemplation are equal; in the not-yet-arrived stage and so forth, contemplation increases and calming decreases; because the grounds are uneven, there is also no supernormal knowledge there."