俱舍論頌疏論本 27.76

27.76

五依四靜慮者，前之五通依四靜慮。問：「何緣此五不依無色？」答：「初三種通緣色為境，他心智通初修之時，以色為門，謂欲修時，先審觀己身心二相變異相隨，謂心喜怒，形之於色。後復觀他身心二相。由此加行，後得他心，於他心等能如實知。若宿住通，漸次憶念分位差別，謂憶前念，漸復逆觀，於此生身十位差別，次第而憶，乃至能憶中有已前一念之心，名宿住通加行成就。根本成時，能憶過去生中某處、某姓種種事故，依無色地無如是能。又於無色觀減止增，五通必依止觀均地，未至等地觀增止減，以增地故，亦無通。」

Regarding "five rely on the four dhyānas": the former five supernormal knowledges rely on the four dhyānas. Question: "For what reason do these five not rely on the formless realm?" Answer: "The first three kinds of supernormal knowledge take form (rūpa) as their object. When the supernormal knowledge of knowing another's mind is first cultivated, it uses form as an entryway; that is, when one wishes to cultivate it, one first closely observes the two characteristics of one's own body and mind as they change in tandem—namely, when the mind experiences joy or anger, this is expressed in the physical form. Afterward, one further observes the two characteristics of another's body and mind. By means of this preparation, one later attains [the knowledge of] another's mind, and is able to know another's mind and so forth as it truly is. As for the supernormal knowledge of past lives, one gradually recollects the distinctions of states: that is, recollecting the preceding moment, one gradually observes in reverse, sequentially recollecting the ten distinct states of the body in this life, up to being able to recollect the single moment of mind just prior to the intermediate state—this is called the accomplishment of the preparation for the supernormal knowledge of past lives. When the root [knowledge] is accomplished, because one is able to recollect various matters such as such-and-such a place and such-and-such a clan in past lives, one lacks such capacity when relying on the formless grounds. Furthermore, in the formless realm, contemplation (vipaśyanā) decreases and calming (śamatha) increases, whereas the five supernormal knowledges must rely on grounds where calming and contemplation are equal; in the not-yet-arrived stage and so forth, contemplation increases and calming decreases; because the grounds are uneven, there is also no supernormal knowledge there."