中觀論疏 4.9

4.9

「問曰二去有何咎」，此生第四兩人破。外人未覺兩法之失，是故致問。又雖知有失，而著難便例，是故問也。答中為二：上半牒而正並、下半釋並。二去法是二色陰，既有二色陰即成於二人，若唯有一人亦但有一法，故復進退屈也。又若言法二而人一，亦應人二法一也。下半釋並者，以離法無人，故法二即人二也。又本是一人，由汝立去時中有去即成二人，既成二人即一人與去法往東、一人與去法往西。西東東人復於去時中去，復成二法二人，如是即一人成無量人、一法成無量法。若爾者，即失一人一法。既失其一，何有多耶？故一多俱壞。至此已來即立法窮矣。

"Question: What fault is there in two goings?" This generates the fourth refutation by two persons. The opponent has not yet realized the flaw of two dharmas, and therefore poses this question. Furthermore, although knowing there is a flaw, being attached to the challenge, he raises an analogical objection; hence the question. The answer has two parts: the upper half repeats [the claim] and directly pairs them; the lower half explains the pairing. The two dharmas of going are two form aggregates; since there are two form aggregates, they constitute two persons. If there is only one person, there should also be only one dharma; thus, whether advancing or retreating, [the opponent] is again cornered. Moreover, if one says the dharmas are two while the person is one, it should also be that the persons are two while the dharma is one. The lower half explains the pairing: because apart from dharmas there is no person, dharmas being two means persons are also two. Furthermore, originally there was one person, but because you assert that within the time of going there is going, two persons are constituted; having become two persons, one person goes east with a dharma of going, and one person goes west with a dharma of going. The person in the west and the person in the east again go within the time of going, constituting another two dharmas and two persons; in this manner, one person becomes immeasurable persons, and one dharma becomes immeasurable dharmas. If that were so, one would lose the single person and the single dharma. Having lost the one, how could there be many? Therefore, both the one and the many are destroyed. Up to this point, the establishment of dharmas has been exhausted.