瑜伽論記 17.119

17.119

言離本處者，依如首律師說離處，處有十例。一、文書成，如下手疏，如善見畫地作字，一頭時輕盡兩頭時重；二、言教立離處者，見云：若盜心唱定是我地，地主生疑蘭，決心失重，若來向僧各同者重，若共諍薗田違理判與違理得判，乃至口斷多端，辨說偷夏唱大亦如是；三、移標相者，見云：舉一標時蘭，舉二犯重，乃至一髮一違犯重，地深無價故繩彈亦如是。四者、取籌，隨籌以辨離處，如四分律部說：五異色辨離處，如十誦云：稱蓐氍氀樹枝葉花皆共名異色；六、轉轉齒辨離處，如十云：樗蒲移旗子等；七、離處辨不離，如殺盜他牛馬，主心未斷自心未作得想；八、不離處辨離處，如善見空靜處盜，決得無疑，動即成重；九、無離處辨離處，盜田宅政繫村，燒埋壞色等；十、汎明離處，除上九種所不攝者，即是空中吹物盜鳥，回材斷流水，注埋盛遺盛宅院等，眾多不可具論。

Regarding 'removed from its original place': according to Vinaya Master Shou's explanation of removal from the place, the place has ten paradigms. First, completion by written document: like drawing up a deed; as in the Sudarśana-vinaya, drawing characters on the ground, where at one end it is minor, and when both ends are completed it is grave. Second, establishing removal from the place by verbal instruction: the Sudarśana says that if with a mind of theft one proclaims, 'This is definitively my land,' and the owner of the land conceives doubt, it is a thullaccaya; if he definitely abandons it, it is a grave offense; if one comes before the Saṅgha and each is identical, it is grave; if they dispute over gardens or fields and an illegal judgment gives it, or an illegal judgment receives it, down to multiple kinds of verbal adjudication; expounding on the theft of rainy seasons or declaring oneself senior is also like this. Third, moving boundary markers: the Sudarśana says that when raising one marker it is a thullaccaya, when raising two it is a grave offense, down to a single hair or a single deviation being a grave offense; because land is deep and priceless, measuring ropes are also like this. Fourth, taking tallies: discerning removal from the place according to the tally, as expounded in the Dharmaguptaka-vinaya school. Fifth, discerning removal from the place by change of color/form: as the Daśabhāṇavāra states, scales, mats, carpets, tree branches, leaves, and flowers are all called change of color/form. Sixth, discerning removal from the place by rolling dice: as the Daśabhāṇavāra says, moving dice pieces, etc. Seventh, discerning non-removal as removal: like killing or stealing another's ox or horse, where the owner's intention has not ceased and one has not yet conceived the thought of obtaining it oneself. Eighth, discerning non-removal of place as removal of place: as the Sudarśana says, stealing in an empty, quiet place, where obtaining is certain without doubt; moving it immediately constitutes a grave offense. Ninth, discerning removal of place where there is no removal of place: stealing fields or houses, administrative control binding a village, burning, burying, destroying color/form, etc. Tenth, general explanation of removal of place: excluding what is not subsumed under the above nine kinds, which is blowing objects in the air, stealing birds, diverting timber to block flowing water, channeling, burying, containing, leaving behind, containing residences and courtyards, etc., which are numerous and cannot be fully expounded.