瑜伽論記 24.262

24.262

In the first [section], regarding "the five kinds of aggregates of offenses," they are offenses of the five classes [of the Vinaya]. First is the aggregate of offenses of defeat by another, also called defeat by another, which are the four pārājikas. Master Jing says: "Because one who commits this offense is no longer a monk, they are defeated by that pure assembly." Now it is explained: it is because one is defeated by Māra. The Daśādhyāya-vinaya says: "One falls into an undesirable state." The Sarvāstivāda explains: "Because in fighting with Māra one breaks this precept, one immediately falls into the position of defeat." Second is the aggregate of offenses with community remainder, which are the thirteen saṅghāvaśeṣas. Master Da says: "If one breaks this precept, one is sent to make confession outside the assembly; hence it is called 'community remainder.'" Now, consulting the Vinayamātṛkā: "'Saṅghāvaśeṣa' is like a person slashed by another, with only the throat remaining (vaśeṣa); hence it is called 'remainder.'" The Vibhāṣā says: "If one commits this offense, defilement entangles the practitioner; not being entirely pure, it is an offense where the saṅgha has remainder, because it is eliminated by the saṅgha." Third is the aggregate of offenses of falling down, which are the thirty [niḥsargika-]pāyattika and ninety pāyattika offenses. The Daśādhyāya-vinaya says: "Because one falls into the hell of burning, boiling, and obscuration." Fourth is the aggregate of offenses to be confessed individually, which are the four pratideśanīyas. Vinaya Master Xuan translates the name as "confessing towards another." Fifth is the aggregate of offenses of wrong-doing, which are the duṣkṛtas. Master Jing says: "This includes wrong speech; they are the rules of training (śikṣākaraṇīya)." The Dharmaguptaka Prātimokṣa says: "Śikṣākaraṇīya is translated in meaning as 'one should train.'" Regarding "assembling gross [and] undetermined [offenses] are included among the classes of offenses according to the case": Master Tai says: "Defeat by another and community remainder are the primary offenses; the sthūlātyaya offenses are gross, capable of assembling and giving rise to offenses through expedient means; hence they are called 'assembling gross.'" The Samantapāsādikā says: "Sthūla is called 'great obstruction,' meaning it obstructs the good path and later causes falling into the evil realms; its essence is impurity; it is named from its unwholesome essence because it can accomplish offenses of the first two classes." Vinaya Master Xuan says: "The two undetermined rules, spoken of in reliance on the objective circumstances, generally pertain to the six aggregates; if discussing the essential nature of the offense, producing doubt and lack of faith is a duṣkṛta; in the Vinaya text, when it speaks of obstructing three offenses or two offenses, it is a brief indication of matters that produce doubt."