瑜伽論記 3.198

3.198

In the third section, on distinguishing causes and fruits, there are two levels. First, based on the twelve factors in sequential relation to one another as cause and fruit. Next, it says that three are solely causes: because ignorance, craving, and grasping are the roots of initiating karma and moistening rebirth. Two are solely fruits: namely, birth, and old age and death, because they are fruits produced by the preceding ten factors. This level is based on the causes and fruits of the three defilements and seeds versus active manifestations, because the perspectives are distinct. In summarizing dependent arising into cause and fruit, there are briefly five levels: 1. The gate of co-arising: where the preceding is the cause and the subsequent is the fruit; that is what was said at the beginning here, that the first one is solely cause, etc. 2. Root-and-branch cause and fruit: this is the second passage, because afflictions are the root. 3. Solely cause, etc.: below it also says that the first six factors, craving, grasping, and existence are the cause portion, while the last two factors are the fruit portion; feeling pervades both kinds; this is also discerning cause and fruit based on root and branch. 3. [sic] Maturation and non-maturation cause and fruit: fascicle fifty-six says: furthermore, the five factors subsumed under present fruits and the two factors subsumed under future fruits are together named dependent origination subsumed under fruits; one should know that the remaining factors are dependent origination subsumed under causes. The first fascicle of the Madhyāntavibhāga also says: defilement of cause refers to the afflictions and karma portion; defilement of fruit refers to the remaining portion. 4. Matured and unmatured cause and fruit: the Abhidharmasamuccaya says: at the time of cause there are the leading and the led, namely the first seven factors; at the time of fruit there are the producing and the produced, namely the last five factors; that is, through ignorance maturing craving and grasping, they increase; formations and the other six factors, when matured, are named existence; birth and old age are what is matured. 5. Positional cause and fruit: that is, as stated earlier under the two causes of producing and leading: the ten factors combining the leading and the producing are called cause, and the last two factors are fruit. The Vijñaptimātratā also says: the ten causes and two fruits definitely belong to different lifetimes. Although the various approaches state five meanings that differ, because the perspectives are different, their principles do not contradict. The fourth section clarifies the distinct and mixed characteristics.