瑜伽論記 3.81

3.81

Defiled karma refers to ordinary persons within the internal teaching who, regarding the Buddha's teaching, have ignorance, greed, anger, pride, view of self-existence, and extreme views, collectively called holding inverted views; attachment to views and attachment to rules and rituals are called adhering to one's own attachment to views; wrong view is called having wrong determinations; and doubt is called having vacillating consciousness. According to what is appropriate, the three kinds of wholesome and unwholesome karma initiated either in conjunction, or as a proximate cause, or as a remote cause, are called defiled karma, because they sully the true Dharma and are contaminated, defiled, and bad. Then, for internal ordinary persons who are undetermined regarding both the wrong and the correct approaches and are preceded by doubt, called those with vacillating consciousness, all their wholesome and unwholesome karma is called turbid karma, because it arises from doubt, is extremely dreggy and defiled, and is residual bad karma. The doubt in the previous 'defiled' arose from wrong determination, whereas this is based on being undetermined; hence the distinction is made. It is not that it causes obstruction to the correct path of the Buddha-Dharma, for they have entered it for a long time; thus internal ordinary persons are not said to also have crooked karma. The third explanation states: all three of these karmas are initiated by non-Buddhists giving rise to wrong understanding and practice, and are called crooked. These very crooked karmas, because they obstruct the arising of conditioned virtues, are called defiled; because they obstruct the realization of unconditioned virtues, they are called turbid. All extend to the three karmas, wholesome and unwholesome. Fascicle 8 of the Abhidharmasamuccaya gives two further explanations of the previous three karmas. The first states: 'The three karmas obstruct the eightfold path, hence they are called crooked; they can sully the continuum and generate obstacles, hence they are called defiled. If generated by the inverted views of non-Buddhists, they are called turbid.' Only this turbid karma is said to be initiated by non-Buddhists, without stating by whom the previous two are initiated; therefore we know that logically they extend to both internal and external initiators. Since no distinct nature is stated, it is clear that they extend to wholesome and unwholesome. Thus agreeing with this alternative explanation entails no flaw.