瑜伽論記 5.63

5.63

Regarding the four gates: First, positing of topics: the positing and establishment of topics encompassed by the Tripiṭaka; 'topics' refers to the meanings of the topics, meaning the differences of meaning in the sūtras, vinaya, and śāstras. Furthermore, because it is the fundamental topic on which the meanings discussed in all treatises rely, it is given the name 'topic'. Second, positing distinctions of conceptual designations: this refers to the expressive names; because names, phrases, and syllables all arise from conception, names are called conceptual designations. Furthermore, in the Western Regions, names are mostly called conceptual designations. Moreover, names and so forth lack intrinsic substance and are conventionally established following sound; according to conceptual understanding they are designated as expressive, hence names and so forth are called conceptual designations. Third, conceptual designations of the meanings of the holy teachings: the meanings expressed by the holy teachings can encompass the holy teachings. Fourth, the characteristics of what should be known by means of the Buddha's teaching: from two items expressed by the Buddha's teaching increasing up to ten items expressed by the Buddha's teaching, these are called conceptual designations of what should be known by means of the Buddha's teaching. The third encompasses the teachings by means of the principle, and the fourth reveals the principle by means of the teachings.