瑜伽論記 8.254

8.254

Regarding 'there are ten dharmas that completely encompass the Great Vehicle bodhisattva path and fruit, etc.': according to the Sanskrit, *daśadharmāḥ*, which in the Tang language means 'there are ten dharmas'; *saphalaḥ* (and fruit); *sattva* (sentient beings); *mārga* (path); *bodhi* (awakening); *mahā* (great); *yāna* (vehicle); *saṃgraha* (encompassing); *samarthakaḥ* (capable of completely [encompassing]). Following these words now, they show that these ten dharmas completely gather all the causal and fruitional dharmas of the Great Vehicle to the end; it says 'completely encompass the Great Vehicle'. What is the Great Vehicle? It refers to the path and the fruit. In the old translation, *saphalaḥ* was omitted, so it did not say 'and fruit', though it was still present in the commentary. Furthermore, according to Sanskrit grammar, there are seven case endings; 'there are ten dharmas that completely encompass' is in the nominative case, which is the agent that encompasses; 'the Great Vehicle bodhisattva path and the fruit of the path' is in the genitive case, and hence is that which is encompassed. However, former translators did not understand case endings; therefore they took the Great Vehicle as that which encompasses and the ten dharmas as that which is encompassed, which is also an error.