瑜伽師地論略纂 1.20

1.20

Third, the matching of object, practice, and fruit in yoga to the seventeen bhūmis. The first nine bhūmis are the objects of the three vehicles; the next six bhūmis are the practices of the three vehicles; the last two bhūmis are the fruits of the three vehicles. This is because one awakens practice by contemplating objects, and only then realizes the fruit. The nine [bhūmis] of object form four [categories]: the first two bhūmis are the essence of the object, because all [phenomena] take consciousness as their essence, because they do not arise apart from consciousness, and because consciousness is supreme; the next three bhūmis are the characteristics of the object, because the characteristics of the objects differ as lower and higher, coarse and subtle; the next two bhūmis are the function, because the operations at times of concentration and distraction are distinct; the last two bhūmis are the states, because the two states of having mind and being without mind are distinct. Alternatively, the nine form three [categories]: the first five are as before, and the latter four bhūmis are collectively called function, because the order of their operational states differs two by two. The earlier essence can only arise relying on the characteristics, so their sequence of states differs. Furthermore, the earlier essences are categorized into two, ordered as easy to know and difficult to know; the coarse and subtle make three, ordered by the three grades; concentration and distraction make two, ordered as superior and inferior; having and lacking mind make two, ordered as manifest and concealed. Hence, the overall sequence of objects is thus. Among the six bhūmis of practice: the first three are common practices, because the three vehicles all cultivate the practices of the three prajñās, being ordered as arising initially, intermediate, and finally; the latter three are distinct practices, because capacities realize their own vehicles in accordance with the cultivated dharmas, ordered by inferior and superior, small and great, expedient and fundamental. Among the two bhūmis of fruit: if according to the two vehicles, causes and fruits perish, and the fruit is established in two aspects as earlier and later; if up to the Buddha-body, bodhi and nirvāṇa are divided into two distinct aspects as earlier and later.