瑜伽師地論略纂 3.98

3.98

The separate refutations are ten, corresponding to the ten occurrences of “therefore” in the conclusion below. First, birth is the same; why should they alone be superior? Second, in all actions they are identical to others; that Brahmins alone should be superior deeply contradicts correct reasoning. Third, regarding “because of taking rebirth,” in “if three situations are present: that one and this one,” and so on: the previous first fascicle says: 1. lust arising together; 2. proper alignment with the fertile period; 3. the intermediate existence being present. Now, “that one and this one” refers to both parents previously having minds of lust. “Due to that” refers to the mother's proper alignment with the fertile period. “Due to this” refers to the gandharva being presently manifested. Since Brahmins are identical to others in this, how could they be superior to others? Fourth, regarding “whether work places of craft, work places of labour, or wholesome and unwholesome”: worldly livelihood or wholesomeness and unwholesomeness are entirely the same; how could they be superior to other classes? Fifth, because of predominance, regarding “whether king or minister, whether sharp or swift, progressing to fullness”: whether acting as king or minister, whether sharp-witted and swift, or progressing in stages of the path, they are identical to others. Sixth, “whether being governed by a king.” Seventh, “whether cultivating the brahmavihāras or having cultivated the brahmavihāras,” which are the four immeasurables. Eighth, “whether cultivating the factors of awakening.” Ninth, “whether awakening to śrāvaka bodhi,” and so forth. Tenth, from “Furthermore, what do you desire?” downward: because morality and learning are superior. Regarding “If it were due to being born from a superior caste, your treatises say: 'In the sacrifice, if morality and learning are superior, one takes them as standard,'” and so forth: their treatises say that at the time of sacrifice, when reciting the sacrificial texts, if one upholds the precepts and has much learning, one takes them as standard and has them recite the sacrificial texts, and does not take caste as standard. If one took the superior caste as standard, it would contradict these words, as reciting sacrificial texts would not depend on possessing precepts and so forth.