瑜伽師地論略纂 7.129

7.129

The four stations are: (1) voluntarily vowing to undertake an inferior physical appearance, deportment, and material requisites; (2) voluntarily vowing to undertake the prohibitive śīla; (3) voluntarily vowing to undertake diligent and uninterrupted cultivation of wholesome dharmas; (4) in order to sever all suffering, when undertaking the preceding three stations, one should properly observe that all suffering pursues one. Within these four stations, the first three each give rise to five characteristics, and the fourth station gives rise to seven characteristics. The five characteristics of the first station are: (1) shaving off hair and beard; (2) abandoning worldly physical beauty; (3) wearing garments of ruined colour. These three characteristics arise from vowing to undertake an inferior appearance. Furthermore, deportment and material requisites account for one each, making five. The five characteristics of the second station are: (1) being manifested through summarily abandoning two matters; (2) not being censured by oneself nor reproved and banished by others; (3) when there is a transgression, not acting rashly, and due to this defect and transgression, immediately reproaching oneself; (4) when banished by others, being capable of repenting and removing it; (5) bearing no anger, harm, or vexation toward the one who points out faults, but cultivating and remedying oneself. The five characteristics of the third station are self-evident from the text. In the fourth station, pursued by the four sufferings, one should observe seven characteristics: in the first pursuing station, there is one characteristic—inability to realize the noble fruit; in the second pursuing station, there are four characteristics—namely birth, old age, sickness, and death; in the third pursuing station, there is one—namely the dharma of the suffering of separation from the beloved; in the fourth pursuing station, there is one—namely that which is wrought by one's own karma. Birth, old age, sickness, and death have, in brief, two senses: first, their nature is oppressive, subsumed under the suffering of suffering (duḥkha-duḥkhatā)—the Abhidharma-samuccaya and other texts say that among the eight sufferings, the first five are subsumed under the suffering of suffering; second, their nature is transience, birth changing into death, old age changing into youth, sickness changing into vigor, and death changing into birth, and therefore this is spoken of as pursued by the suffering of change (vipariṇāma-duḥkhatā). The dharma of separation from the beloved is not the suffering of change, but is subsumed under it by its meaning. Here, the first suffering is subsumed under the suffering of suffering; the second and third are subsumed under the suffering of change; and the fourth single one is subsumed under the suffering of conditioning (saṃskāra-duḥkhatā).