成唯識論述記 8.306

8.306

述曰：次別解也。能感後有諸業名「業」，即通一切總報、別報、現、後等業，除無記業及無漏業，皆名為業，能感異熟生故。惑者，即是發業潤生煩惱，《對法》第四：一切欲界分別煩惱，皆能發業，皆是不善。任運能發惡行者，亦是不善，即修道我見、邊見及此相應貪、慢、無明，皆非不善，上來數明。然《緣起經》上卷云：「若由欲愛造諸福行，彼信為依乃造斯行，由於生死起定信故。此愛及取，由信攝伏，我施設為有覆無記。若法欲界有覆無記，於發諸行無勝功能。」以此文證，故離我見等俱起法，亦有獨頭愛等無記，即緣後有起愛，潤生愛等或餘本有位起此愛等，亦是不發業者，及除上界無明等發業者外，餘一切不發業惑，餘者皆是此中發業惑攝，餘隨起有覆等是潤生攝，若助發潤即通一切。苦中即攝三苦、八苦，文易可知。

The Commentary states: Next is the separate explanation. All karmas capable of producing subsequent existence are called "karma," which encompasses all total retributions, distinct retributions, present-life karma, subsequent-life karma, and the like; excluding unspecified karma and anāsrava karma, all are called karma, because they can induce maturation-born results. Afflictions are precisely the defilements that generate karma and moisten rebirth. The fourth fascicle of the Abhidharmasamuccaya states: All discriminative afflictions of the desire realm can generate karma, and are all unwholesome. Those that spontaneously can generate evil actions are also unwholesome; that is, the self-view and extreme-view of the bhāvanāmārga, and the craving, conceit, and ignorance associated with them, are all not unwholesome, as has been repeatedly clarified above. However, the first fascicle of the Pratītyasamutpāda-sūtra says: "If, driven by craving for the desire realm, one performs meritorious activities, he performs these actions relying on faith, because he produces firm faith regarding birth-and-death. This craving and grasping, being subdued by faith, are designated by me as obstructed-unspecified. If a dharma is obstructed-unspecified in the desire realm, it has no superior capability to generate activities." Proved by this passage, apart from dharmas that co-arise with self-view and the like, there is also solitary craving and the like that is unspecified; namely, giving rise to craving toward subsequent existence to moisten rebirth, or giving rise to such craving in other states of primordial existence—these also do not generate karma. And excluding the ignorance and so forth of the higher realms that generates karma, all other afflictions that do not generate karma are subsumed under the afflictions that generate karma here, while the remaining obstructed and other defilements that arise accordingly are subsumed under moistening rebirth; if considered as assisting the generation and moistening, they extend to all. Suffering subsumes the three sufferings and eight sufferings; the text is easy to understand.