成唯識論掌中樞要 2.33

2.33

The masters of the Sthavira school posit the wheel of nine minds: (1) bhavāṅga; (2) evoking; (3) seeing; (4) investigating; (5) determining; (6) establishing; (7) dynamic application; (8) registering; and (9) bhavāṅga. However, in reality there are only eight minds; it is said to have nine in total because it completes a full cycle, thus constituting the wheel of nine minds. For instance, when one first takes birth and is not yet able to discriminate, the mind merely operates by according spontaneously with its cognitive object; this is called the 'bhavāṅga mind'. When an object arrives and the mind is about to cognize it, alertness arises; this is called 'evoking'. Once that mind operates upon this object, 'seeing' illuminates it. Having seen it, it then 'investigates' by examining its good or bad [qualities]. Having examined it, it then 'determines' by recognizing its good or bad [qualities]. Then the 'establishing mind' initiates verbal discrimination to state its good or bad [qualities]. Consequent upon its good or bad [qualities], there is action, and the mind of 'dynamic application' arises. Once the action has been initiated and is about to subside, it then 'registers' by reflecting back on the action previously performed. Having registered it, it then returns to 'bhavāṅga', operating spontaneously according with its cognitive object. Because there are 'nine minds', the sense of a wheel is properly constituted. Among these, the seeing mind applies to the six consciousnesses, while the rest are solely mental consciousness. The bhavāṅga mind applies to death and birth; the registering mind only applies to death. For one who is free from desire and dies, there is only the bhavāṅga mind; since they have no self-love, there is nothing to register and no lingering attachment arises. One who is not free from desire dies with the registering mind, because there is attachment to change. If an object arrives, then [the corresponding] mind can arise; if there is no distinct object, it constantly acts as bhavāṅga, continuing spontaneously. However, the order of seeing and investigating is not fixed. The second fascicle of Asvabhāva's Mahāyānasaṃgraha-bhāṣya states: 'The five consciousnesses have no discerning cognition regarding phenomena; this is first spoken of as the seeing mind.' It also says: 'Seeing merely illuminates, thus reconnecting with the preceding mind.'