成唯識論演祕 4.38

4.38

Question: In meditative absorption, citta and speech are quiescent, so these two saṃskāras may be absent; how can the kāya-saṃskāra of inhalation and exhalation be absent? Answer: According to the Mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra, fascicle twenty-six, it is due to four conditions that kāya-saṃskāra operates: First, the physical body which serves as the basis for inhalation and exhalation; second, unobstructed wind paths, namely the mouth, nose, etc.; third, the opening of hair pores; fourth, the manifestation of a coarse mind based on the level of breathing. If any one among these four conditions is lacking, kāya-saṃskāra does not operate. For example, during the four stages of kalala, arbuda, peśī, and ghana born in the desire realm, there is only the fourth—the manifestation of a coarse mind—without the preceding three factors; hence breathing does not operate. In stages such as praśākhā, the faculties and physical form are complete, and because all four factors are present, breathing then operates. For instance, being born in the desire realm or the lower three dhyānas and entering an absorption without mind or an absorption of the formless realm: although having the first three, one lacks the fourth, so breathing does not operate. Entering the fourth dhyāna, although having the first two, one lacks the latter two, so breathing likewise does not operate. Furthermore, inhalation and exhalation operate dependent on a coarse mind; on the levels from the fourth dhyāna upward, the mind is extremely subtle, so breathing does not operate. Furthermore, the Nyāyānusāra states: 'When entering the fourth dhyāna, the body has no hair pores, because that samādhi is extremely solid and dense, inducing the great elements of the fourth dhyāna to pervade the body.' It is precisely on this account that the venerable Vasumitra said: 'Upon entering that absorption, the body's hair pores close; entering absorptions, whether sāsrava or anāsrava, is all like this.' If, born in the fourth dhyāna, one gives rise to a mind of the lower three dhyānas or of the desire realm, although possessing the first, second, and fourth conditions, one lacks the third condition, so breathing does not operate. If one gives rise to a mind of one's own level, a formless mind, or an absorption without mind, although possessing the first two, one lacks the latter two factors, so breathing does not operate. If born in the formless realm, all four factors are absent, so breathing does not operate. Hence in the absorption of cessation, kāya-saṃskāra is also absent. According to the Great Vehicle's doctrine, the non-operation of kāya-saṃskāra conforms further with the Sarvāstivāda school, and should likewise be without flaw.