唯識二十論述記 2.302

2.302

述曰：自下正詰。三業諸罪，現為人、天之所呵責，未來當受諸惡苦報，可治罰故、可毀責故，名之為罰。三業校量，意罰最大。佛為成此返問長者鄔波離也。鄔婆離者，此云近執，親近於王，執王事也。如世說言：朝庭執事。如阿羅漢持律上首，親近太子，執事之人，名鄔波離矣。《中阿含經》說：有尼犍子名闍提弗多羅，其有弟子，名為長熱，往至佛所。佛問長熱，師教汝法，三業之中，何罸業重？答云：身重，次口，後意。長熱反問：瞿曇今說何業最重？佛言：意重，身、語乃輕。長熱還去。闍提問云：汝至彼所，瞿曇何言？長熱具說。闍提讚歎，汝真我子，從我口生，善受我教，所說無異。汝可更往，破瞿曇義，提取將來，作我弟子。長熱不從。

The commentary says: From here below is the direct interrogation. Because the various sins of the three karmas are reproached in the present [life] by humans and devas, and will in the future incur various forms of bitter karmic retribution, and because they can be punished and blamed, they are called "punishment" (daṇḍa). Weighing the three karmas, mental punishment is the greatest. In order to establish this, the Buddha counter-questioned the householder Upāli. "Upāli" is translated here as "close attendant" (upa-āli), meaning one who stays close to the king and handles royal affairs; as worldly speech says, "a court official who manages affairs." Like the foremost arhat among upholders of the Vinaya, who was a close attendant to the prince and handled affairs, he was named Upāli. The Madhyama-āgama says: There was a Nirgrantha-putra named Jñātiputra who had a disciple named Dīrgha-tapasvin. He went to the Buddha's place. The Buddha asked Dīrgha-tapasvin: "In the teachings your master gave you, among the three karmas, which punitive karma is the heaviest?" He replied: "Bodily is the heaviest, next verbal, and last mental." Dīrgha-tapasvin asked in return: "Which karma does Gautama now say is the heaviest?" The Buddha said: "Mental is the heaviest; bodily and verbal are lighter." Dīrgha-tapasvin went back. Jñātiputra asked: "When you went to his place, what did Gautama say?" Dīrgha-tapasvin explained in detail. Jñātiputra praised him: "You are truly my son, born from my mouth, who have well received my teaching; what you said does not differ [from mine]. You may go again, refute Gautama's position, pull him over, and make him my disciple." Dīrgha-tapasvin did not comply.