唯識二十論述記 2.169

2.169

After Dignāga, verbal testimony was subsumed into these [two], because its substance does not exist apart from them, as explained in the commentaries on pramāṇa. Here, Vasubandhu speaks of three means of cognition; therefore the treatise says, 'Among all means of cognition, direct perception is supreme,' because it apprehends present objects and realizes their particular characteristics (svalakṣaṇa). Both Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna, non-Buddhists and Buddhists, mutually agree on this. Therefore, this general account reviews and discusses the various means of cognition, [affirming that] direct perception is superior to the others.