因明入正理論疏 1.51

1.51

似現、似比總入非量，由此可言現量非比及非非量，比量亦是非非量攝。有是現量非比、非量，謂證自相真現量智。有比、非量非真現量，即證共相比量智及諸非量。此依見分。若依心體，見分通比、非，自證必現故。是故八義體唯有七。雖就他宗，真能立體，即真能破，有顯過破，非真能立，雖似能立，則似能破，妄出過破，非似能立。故能立外別顯能破，似立之外別顯似破，真現真比，似現似比，智了因攝，二智了故。由斯八義，體唯七種，真似相明，故義成八。釋體相同異者，即解論文，辨八體相之同異也。

Apparent perception (pratyakṣābhāsa) and apparent inference (anumānābhāsa) are subsumed entirely under non-valid cognition (apramāṇa); from this it can be said that perception is not inference and not non-valid cognition, and inference is also subsumed under what is not non-valid cognition. There is that which is perception and not inference or non-valid cognition, namely genuine perceptual cognition that realizes specific characteristics (svalakṣaṇa). There is that which is inference and non-valid cognition and not genuine perception, namely inferential cognition that realizes universal characteristics (sāmānyalakṣaṇa) and the various non-valid cognitions. This is in terms of the grasping aspect (darśanabhāga). If in terms of mental essence, the grasping aspect extends to inference and non-valid cognition, while self-awareness (svasaṃvedana) is necessarily perception. Therefore, the essences of the eight items are only seven. Although with respect to the other's thesis, the essence of a genuine proof is itself a genuine refutation, there is the refutation revealing fallacies, which is not a genuine proof; although a fallacious proof is a fallacious refutation, falsely pointing out fallacies to refute is not a fallacious proof. Hence, outside proof, refutation is shown separately; outside fallacious proof, fallacious refutation is shown separately. Genuine perception and genuine inference, apparent perception and apparent inference, are subsumed under the cognitive revealer-reason (jñāna-jñāpaka-hetu), because they are revealed by the two cognitions. Through this, the essences of the eight items are only seven kinds; because genuine and fallacious illuminate each other, the items become eight. 'Explaining the agreements and differences of essences and characteristics' means explaining the text of the treatise to distinguish the agreements and differences of the essences and characteristics of the eight.