因明入正理論疏 1.59

1.59

總舉多法，方成能立。梵能立義，多言中說，故《理門論》陳那指彼天親論云：「故此多言，於論式等，說名能立。」言此中者，《理門》二解：一起論端義、二簡持義。凡發論端，汎詞標舉，故稱此中起論端義。簡持有二義：一簡去邪宗增減，持取正宗中道。邪增者，增似立為真立，以似破為真破；邪減者，以真立為似立，以真破為似破；中道者，二真為真，二似為似。二云：此論所明總有八義，且明能立，未論餘七，簡去餘七，持明此一，故稱此中是簡持義。清辯菩薩《般若燈論》釋有四義：謂發端、標舉、簡持、指斥。

Only by collectively adducing multiple factors is proof accomplished. The Sanskrit meaning of proof is stated in multiple statements. Therefore, in the Nyāyamukha, Diṅnāga refers to that treatise of Vasubandhu, saying: 'Therefore, these multiple statements, in the Vādavidhi and so forth, are said to be proof.' As for the words 'Herein' (iha), the Nyāyamukha provides two explanations: first, the meaning of beginning the treatise; second, the meaning of selecting and preserving. Whenever beginning a treatise, one marks and adduces [it] with general terms; hence 'herein' is said to have the meaning of beginning the treatise. 'Selecting and preserving' has two meanings: first, rejecting the additions and subtractions of deviant theses and preserving the Middle Way of the correct thesis. 'Deviant addition' means adding pseudo-proof as genuine proof and treating pseudo-refutation as genuine refutation; 'deviant subtraction' means treating genuine proof as pseudo-proof and treating genuine refutation as pseudo-refutation; the 'Middle Way' means treating the two genuine ones as genuine and the two pseudo-ones as pseudo. Second, it says: The topics clarified in this treatise are eight in total; for now, it clarifies proof and has not yet discussed the other seven. Rejecting the other seven and preserving and clarifying this one is why 'herein' is said to mean selecting and preserving. The Bodhisattva Bhāviveka's Prajñāpradīpa explains it with four meanings: namely, initiating, marking out, selecting and preserving, and pointing out.